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研究生: 周凱楓
Chou, Kai-Fong
論文名稱: 晶片網路多核心處理器之模擬器設計與實現
The Design and Implementation of a Network-on-chip Based Multi-core Processor Simulator
指導教授: 楊中平
Young, Chung-Ping
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 資訊工程學系
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering
論文出版年: 2007
畢業學年度: 95
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 61
中文關鍵詞: 多核心系統晶片晶片網路網路模擬器平台模擬器多核心分散式嵌入式
外文關鍵詞: MPSoC, Network-On-Chip, Network Simulator, Platform Simulator, Multi-Core, Distribution, Embedded
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  • 在嵌入式系統之中,System-On-Chip(後簡稱SoC)是目前最流行的系統架構,目的是在單一晶片之中建構出復雜的迷你電腦系統。完整的SoC平台,必須包含硬體以及軟體部份;對於軟體部份,以手機系統為例,當使用者在聽音樂而又需要接聽新的來電的同時,作業系統就必須將目前的執行程序中斷,將處理器(Processor)的時脈轉為處理通話之用。然而,面對愈來愈多需要同時處理的作業,除了在作業系統上加強即時排程的效能之外,晶片內建多個運算核心架構也是隨之而來的必要過程。
    目前的研究課題就是如何將在晶片中各個獨立的核心利用與封包交換網路通訊系統相連結,也就是Network-on-Chip(後簡稱NoC)晶片網路。然而,因為傳統的電路/匯流排交換架構比較適合一對一的資料傳輸,對於多核心系統的定址空間有許多限制,除此之外,還有許多限制相當不適用於較複雜的多核心SoC系統;因此,NoC是採用將處理器透過區域網路的路由節點結構來互連的方式來實作的一種單晶片內部封包交換網路通訊系統。在越來越復雜的SoC平台開發過程,軟體的開發常常需要為特別的硬體進行客製化,所以為了加速軟體的開發而將嵌入式開發平台虛擬化是目前最熱門的課題,虛擬化後的開發平台將能提供軟體開發者一個友善、快速而且方便的開發環境,讓軟體開發者可以在沒有真實硬體的情形之下開發軟體。總而言之,本篇論文的主要目標就是實作出適合支援多核心晶片網路架構的模擬平台,讓軟體開發者可以透過此模擬平台在系統開發前期快速的進行軟體開發工作。

    Among the embedded systems, System-On-Chip (SoC) is the most popular system architecture at present. The purpose of SoC is to build a mini but complex computer system of a single chip. A complete SoC platform must include the hardware and software part. Take the software used in cell phone system for an example, when a user uses a cell phone to listen the music, an incoming calling suddenly needs to be answered. OS has to interrupt the current process and change the clock of CPU to deal with the calling issue. However, as the demand of processing a large amount of data grows, besides improving the performance of immediate schedule, increasing more kernels embedded into a chip is required.
    The present issue is how to make every independent kernel of a chip connect to network communication system by exchanging the packets, which also is called Network-on-Chip. However, because the traditional electric circuit data bus is suitable for one-to-one data transmission, it has many limits for addressing space of multi-core system. Except addressing limit, it also has many other limits for multi-core system. Therefore, NoC is implemented by making every processor of a chip to connect to each other through the router nodes of the Local Area Network (LAN). It is a network communication system of a single chip by exchanging inside packets.
    In the more and more complex period of developing SoC, the development of application often needs the special hardware to be customized. Thus, the virtualization of the embedded system becomes the most popular issue recently in order to accelerate the
    development of applications. After virtualization, the development platform is able to provide developers a friendly, fast, and convenient environment to make developers can develop software applications without hardware. In conclusion, the object of this thesis is to implement a virtual platform to support the multi-core NoC and make developers can accelerate the development of a system at earlier stage.

    第一章 論文介紹...................1 第一節 前言..............1 第二節 研究背景.........................2 第三節 研究動機.................5 第四節 研究目標.................7 第五節 章節介紹.................10 第二章 理論背景................12 第一節 分散式作業系統..........12 第二節 網路模擬器..............16 第三節 虛擬化..................19 第三章 相關研究...................23 第一節 QEMU模擬器............23 第二節 QEMU 相關研究............24 第三節 XEN...........................27 第四章 系統設計與實作.......29 第一節 模擬系統架構設計....................29 第二節 遭遇到的問題........................30 第三節 軟體架構.................38 第四節 多核心晶片網路拓樸描述編輯器.............41 第五節 模擬引擎.......................42 第六節 核心模擬器(CORE EMULATOR / NCKU CORE EMULATOR).......43 第七節 虛擬網路介面卡及其驅動/測試程式實作......43 第八節 晶片網路模擬.............46 第九節 即時網路狀態監視器及動畫產生器..........48 第五章 結果展示................49 第一節 晶片網路測試..........49 第二節 網路拓撲實驗..............51 第六章 未來發展與可能應用................55 第一節 晶片網路多核心處理器系統開發............55 第二節 與網路模擬器結合...........56 第三節 網狀網路(MESH NETWORK)研究..........56 第七章 結論與貢獻.....................58

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