台灣地狹人稠，都市交通車水馬龍，走走停停之間，後方追撞的事故更是頻頻發生，雖此類碰撞車速通常不高，產生的衝擊能量也不如前撞或側撞如此強大，一般不會對乘員造成致命傷害，導致的傷害僅屬輕微傷害(AIS 1)而常被忽略，但後撞所造成頸部的鞭甩傷害併發症多並且潛伏期長，耗費的社會成本相當可觀，而鞭甩傷害的發生與汽車座椅的設計及乘員的坐姿有極大的關聯。本研究使用前處理軟體對市面上的汽車座椅進行有限元素模型之建立，並加入Biorid II假人模型進行後撞測試的模擬驗證。
本文首先介紹汽車座椅在碰撞過程中的功能與重要性，之後說明後撞發生的流程，了解頸椎在後撞發生時運動的過程，並且介紹脊椎的生理結構以及後撞中可能承受的傷害，最後介紹碰撞測試的歷史與Biorid II碰撞人偶與Euro-NCAP的由來以及傷害評估的方法與評分系統。
本研究先對國內市場上現行的原裝汽車座椅進行模型的網格劃分，並且網格化建立汽車座椅有限元素模型，接著透過零件測試對發泡棉進行壓縮試驗，再以汽車座椅後方力矩實驗了解座椅椅背靜態強度的表現，並且使用汽車座椅有限元素模型進行驗證比對，藉此確保座椅有限元素模型的擬真性與可信度。接著將座椅送至國外進行鞭甩傷害的測試，同時將Biorid II人偶有限元素模型加入座椅有限元素模型，依據歐洲新車評估程序測試流程，分別模擬座椅在低中高三種不同加速度後撞的結果，並計算座椅的傷害評分驗證鞭甩動態實驗有限元素模型的擬真性。

The vehicle accidents have become more frequent than the past in cities with high population. Such collisions will not cause fatal injuries to the occupants. The injuries caused are only minor injuries and are often ignored. However, the whiplash injury of the neck caused by the rear collision causes considerable social costs and has a great relationship with the design of the automotive seat.
In this study, a finite element model of car seats on the market was established, and the Biorid II dummy model was added for simulation verification of the rear impact test. First, carry out the compression test of the foamed cotton and the rear torque test of the car seat, and conduct a verification comparison. After that, according to the test procedure of the European new car evaluation procedure, the result of the seat collision after different accelerations was simulated. Finally, the damage score of the seat is calculated and the simulation of the finite element model is verified.

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張均岳，根據NCAP後撞測試規範行汽車座椅安全設計與模擬，國立成功大學，台南市，台灣，2014。