台灣在2021年使用鼻胃管管灌的人數有19.6萬人，且每五位高齡住院病人就有一人是使用鼻胃攝取每日所需營養。但使用鼻胃管無法降低吸入性肺炎的發生，長期使用還可能造成鼻腔及食道潰傷、胃食道逆流、再入院機率增加、生活品質下降等負向影響。鼻胃管移除或縮短使用天數有助於鼻胃管灌食病人的照護品質。
本研究探討接受急性後期照護(Post-acute care, PAC)之中高齡中風病人接受照護後至第三週吞嚥及身心理功能的改變量與鼻胃管移除、以及鼻胃管使用天數之相關。研究設計採縱貫式回溯性研究，於南部某區域教學醫院進行收案。研究參與者為45歲以上入住急性後期整合照護病房、且使用鼻胃管管灌病人。評估時間點為入院初評、入院後第三週以及出院結案，收集人口學變項、疾病診斷、失能嚴重程度、日常生活功能、吞嚥功能、認知功能、上肢動作功能、感覺功能、營養狀況、溝通語言能力；以及出院時是否有移除鼻胃管、與鼻胃管使用天數。使用邏輯斯迴歸探索哪些功能的改變量可以預測鼻胃管移除；使用多元迴歸預測鼻胃管使用天數，找出哪些特性的病人可以較早移除鼻胃管。
本研究共納入66位接受PAC照護的中高齡中風病人，平均年齡68.97歲(SD = 11.58)，75.76%為男性。結束PAC照護前有57位病人移除鼻胃管，鼻胃管移除率為86.36%，鼻胃管平均使用天數為17.79天(SD = 9.76)。吞嚥功能的改變量(B = 1.22, p = .017)與鼻胃管移除有顯著相關。日常生活功能(B = -0.13, p = .031)與營養狀態(B = -0.93, p = .031)，功能改變量和鼻胃管使用天數有顯著負相關。功能性由口進食障礙量表評估之吞嚥功能每提升一級，移除機率多了1.22倍。日常生活功能與營養狀態提升越多，則會有較短的鼻胃管使用天數。
本研究顯示吞嚥功能、日常生活功能及營養狀態的改變量，與鼻胃管移除或使用天數有關。針對弱項因子加強介入訓練並補充所需的營養攝取，能提升中高齡中風族群的鼻胃管移除成效和縮短鼻胃管的使用時間。

The use of NG tubes cannot prevent aspiration pneumonia, and prolonged use of NG tubes may lead to complications. Removing or shortening the duration of NG tube can improve the quality of care. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate factors related to the removal of NG tube among middle-aged and older patients in post-acute care (PAC). The research design employed a longitudinal retrospective study conducted in a regional teaching hospital in Southern Taiwan. Data collection included demographic variables, disease diagnosis, disability severity, activities of daily living, swallowing function, cognitive function, upper limb motor function, sensory function, nutritional status, and communication ability at admission, at the third week, and at discharge. Logistic regression was used to explore the significant factors associated with the removal of NG tube, and multivariate regression for the duration of NG tubes use. A total of 66 patients were recruited, and 57 patients had the NG tubes removed before discharge (86.36%). The average duration of NG tube use was 17.79 days (SD = 9.76). The improvement of swallowing function (B = 1.22, p = 0.017) significantly related to the removal of NG tube. The changes in activity of daily living (B = -0.13, p = .031) and nutritional status (B = -0.93, p = .031) negatively correlated with the duration of NG tube use. The improvements in swallowing function, ADL, and nutritional status were associated with NG tubes removal or the duration.

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