複合材料纏繞壓力容器（composite over-wrapped pressure vessel, COPV）係為滿足高壓儲存需求，同時兼顧輕量化與高承載效率而發展之結構。自 1970 年代初期提出相關概念後，COPV 的應用逐漸由航太與國防領域延伸至氫能儲存、運輸設備及其他高壓液體系統。現今 Type IV COPV 內襯 (liner) 維持氣密性與幾何形狀，並由外層纖維複合材料承擔主要結構載荷，使容器能在降低重量的同時維持高壓儲存所需之結構強度。此種輕量化與高效率設計也提高了 COPV 的脆性與衝擊敏感性。在製造、搬運、組裝、維修與服役過程中，工具掉落、外物碰撞或操作不慎皆可能對容器造成局部衝擊。即使外部表面未出現明顯損傷，COPV 內部仍可能產生基材裂紋、層間剝離或纖維破壞，進而降低結構剛性、承載能力與使用可靠性。
COPV 的封閉圓筒幾何形狀對低速衝擊試驗形成多項限制。衝擊後的內部損傷難以單靠外觀可靠辨識，曲率、纖維纏繞方向、層間配置與支撐邊界條件也會影響接觸行為與載荷傳遞，使其衝擊反應較平板複合材料更為複雜。為使量測結果能反映試件受撞反應，而非試驗配置差異，試驗平台需在圓筒曲面上提供具重複性且控制良好的衝擊環境。接觸力量測、動態訊號擷取與高速影像需整合於同一試驗流程中，用以記錄力學響應及可能伴隨內部損傷產生的外部變形。現有商用衝擊試驗系統多以標準平板試件為主要對象，設備成本較高，直接應用於 COPV 時也缺乏圓筒支撐與量測調整彈性。自製且具成本效益之試驗平台可補足此需求，提供圓筒試件所需之支撐方式與量測彈性，並作為後續衝擊試驗與實驗訓練之實作系統。
本研究建置一套特別針對 COPV 設計之自製落錘式低速衝擊試驗台，並對依ASTM D2585 規範製作之 COPV 圓筒部位進行受控低速衝擊試驗，以建立試件由受撞、變形至可能形成損傷之實驗流程。目前試驗台以接觸力量測為核心，並整合動態訊號擷取與資料處理，可取得衝擊力–時間、速度–時間、位移–時間及力–位移等響應曲線。本研究亦使用高速相機確認目前試驗台衝擊前之實際初始速度，使後續能量重建可依實際輸入條件進行。透過低速衝擊產生損傷情境，並以力學訊號與高速影像輔助確認撞擊條件，本研究期望建立更貼近 COPV 實際受撞條件之試驗與分析基礎。

Composite over-wrapped pressure vessels (COPV) are structural components developed to meet high-pressure requirements while maintaining lightweight and high loadcarrying efficiency. This study designs a custom-built drop-weight low velocity impacttester specifically for the COPVs. Then we conducted controlled low velocity impact tests on the outer surface of the cylindrical section of the COPVs manufactured in accordance with ASTM D2585. The impact tester is also incorporated with a force transducer to measure impact contact force–time history during the impact. A dynamic signal acquisition system are integrated to record the dynamic mechanical response and to recalibrate impact initial velocity to the actual pre-impact velocity under the drop-weight condition.The experimental results show that the COPV sustained a continuous load response with an average initial velocity of 2.63 m/s, an actual initial kinetic energy of approximately 6.61 J, and an impact mass of 1.91 kg. The measured curves captured the loading sequence, maximum deformation, unloading, rebound, and kinetic energy recovery. By producing a damage scenario through low velocity impact and describing the dynamic response using electric signals and high-speed imaging for impact-condition verification, this study establishes a practical experimental basis for COPV impact testing.

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