碳的生物地球化學循環與全球暖化及氣候變遷有密切關聯，除了化學性質的穩定程度影響其宿命，有機碳與礦物的交互作用也對它們在環境的長期穩定有密切的關係。
在過往的文獻中，我們發現天然的土壤中富有相當比例的奈米含鈦及含鐵礦物(如:二氧化鈦、鈦鐵礦、水鐵礦、赤鐵礦、針鐵礦等)，這些奈米礦物可以透過改質的方式，增加其作為光觸媒的能力，提高光催化效率，現今常用於有機廢水處理。然而在過去的研究中，對於這些奈米礦物在自然界中的重要性著墨偏少。在自然界中，鐵常以二價及三價存在，在有水的環境下容易形成短程有序的礦物-水鐵礦，它雖然普遍存在，但是因其結晶度差、排列較無序，難以被傳統的X光繞射技術分析。所以我們大膽假設在過往的研究中，有關水鐵礦對碳的降解，特別是透過光催化發生的降解可能被嚴重低估。因此本研將實驗分成三個階段，測試在不同條件下混合相奈米礦物的光催化能力。
在第一階段的光催化實驗，首先以Schwertmann和Cornell在1991的方法合成水鐵礦，然後冷凍乾燥，再加入亞甲基藍，以此作為模型，模擬水鐵礦和二氧化鈦在UV光下的催化能力，實驗採用濃度20mg/L的亞甲基藍溶液，催化礦物採用水鐵礦混合不同重量比的二氧化鈦為處理。設立二氧化鈦100%為參考，測試二氧化鈦以90%、70%、50%、20%、0%混合水鐵礦為實驗組，用波長254nm的 UV光照射，每30分鐘測量一次亞甲基藍的剩餘濃度，以檢驗3小時內奈米礦物的光催化效果。
在第二階段的光催化自由基清除實驗，亞甲基藍溶液、UV光照時長以及實驗時長皆與第一階段相同，以二氧化鈦100%做為對照組，並以50%、20%作為實驗組。在本階段實驗中會分別在亞甲基藍溶液內加入para-benzoquinone (P-BQ) 、isopropanol (IPA)、 ammonium oxalate (AO) ，這三種物質可作為自由基清除劑，分別清除超氧離子(∙O2-)、氫氧自由基(·OH)及電洞。如此一來便能以此判別哪種活性氧（ROS，reactive oxygen species）對本系統在光催化下降解有機物汙染物的影響最大。
在第三階段的光催化降解含氟汙染物實驗中，本研究將亞甲基藍溶液改成10ppm PFOA溶液。PFOA是一種在河川中常見有機汙染物，因為有強C-F鍵(530 KJ/mol)而使其性質穩定不易自然降解，因此將實驗時長及UV光照時間拉長到8小時，並用HPLC-MS/MS分析在第0、2、4、8小時PFOA溶液，以此觀測本系統在UV光下對PFOA的降解情形。
綜合三個階段的實驗結果發現，純相的水鐵礦幾乎不具有光催化能力，而以不同重量百分比混合二氧化鈦和水鐵礦的奈米礦物處理會比純二氧化鈦有更好的光催化效果，並以40%~70%的二氧化鈦比例為佳，其中又以50%的二氧化鈦有最佳的光催化能力。推測是在混合相礦物中，電子在不同的能量的導帶上發生暫時的轉移，延緩了電子與電洞再結合的速度，從而產生比較多的氫氧自由基和超氧離子，使得光催化能力增強。後續的自由基清除實驗也證實了這個假設。推論在過往研究中，可能缺乏天然環境中奈米礦物對於光催化反應的著墨，並導致其降解有機汙染物的貢獻被嚴重低估。

In previous literature, we found that natural soil contains many nanoscale titanium-containing and iron-containing minerals (such as titanium dioxide, ferrihydrite, hematite, goethite, etc.).These nano-minerals can be modified to increase photocatalyst ability and improve photocatalytic efficiency. Nowadays, we often use these techniques in organic wastewater treatment. In nature, the iron ions of ferrihydrite often exist in divalent and trivalent forms. It is widely found in water environments. However, due to its poor crystallinity and disordered arrangement, it is difficult to be analyzed by traditional X-ray diffraction technology. Therefore, in past studies, the importance of ferrihydrite was less discussed. Therefore, this study divided the experiment into three stages to test the photocatalytic ability of mixed in-phase nano-minerals under different conditions. The results showed that pure phase ferrihydrite has almost no photocatalytic ability, while titanium dioxide with a weight percentage of 40% to 70% has better photocatalytic ability, with 50% performing the best. It is speculated that after the minerals are mixed, the electrons can be temporarily transferred in the conduction band of different energies, which delays the recombination speed of electrons and holes, thus producing more hydroxyl radical and superoxide ions, which enhances the photocatalytic ability. The inhibition experiments can also prove this hypothesis. The inference suggests that past research may have overlooked the role of naturally occurring nanominerals in photocatalytic reactions, leading to a significant underestimation of their contribution to the degradation of organic pollutants in the environment.

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