近場聲音成像量測是一種聲音視覺化的聲學檢測技術，近場量測可測得由物體輻射出的消逝波，相較於遠場聲學成像具有更高的空間解析度。本研究以等效聲源法為理論基礎，並導入壓縮感知技術於聲學反算問題中，目標在提升近場聲音成像量測的聲場重建性能，研究中透過模擬與實驗驗證該方法的可行性。在數值模擬方面，討論了陣列形狀對於性能的影響，包括等間隔方形陣列與非等間隔螺旋陣列，同時對多種聲學預估方法進行比較，例如最小平方法、壓縮感知—最小能量法以及壓縮感知—最小範數法，在數種聲源之數值模擬結果中，最小範數法搭配螺旋陣列效果最佳，在單極子、偶極子以及直線四極子聲源中，其平均聲壓誤差較最小能量法搭配方形陣列分別低約21.33%、16.69% 以及24.67%。在平板聲源的數值模擬中，雖然誤差僅有大約5.85%，但仍能夠顯示出使用螺旋陣列以及最小範數法的優勢。在實驗階段，本研究構建了一組96通道的螺旋麥克風陣列，並針對不同類型的聲源模型(如單揚聲器、雙揚聲器、平板振動聲源)進行量測與驗證，結果顯示螺旋陣列設計結合壓縮感知技術確實可有效提升聲場重建的準確性，其中又以最小範數法之壓縮感知具有最佳的聲場重建性能。

Near-field acoustic holography(NAH) is an acoustic detection technology that visualizes sound, capturing the evanescent waves radiated by objects in the near field, which offers higher spatial resolution compared to far-field acoustic holography. This study is based on the equivalent source method and incorporates the compressive sensing technique in the acoustical inversion problem, aiming to enhance the sound field reconstruction performance in NAH. The feasibility of this method is verified through simulations and experiments. In numerical simulations, the effects of array shape on performance are discussed, including square array and pseudo-randomly spiral array. Several equivalent source estimation methods are compared, such as the least squares method(LSM), minimum energy method of the compressive sensing(CS-l_2), and minimum norm method of the compressive sensing(CS-l_1). The numerical simulation results for several sound sources indicate that the CS-l_1 combined with a spiral array yields the best results, with errors approximately 60% lower than the Least Squares Method combined with a square array. In the experimental, a 96-channel spiral microphone array was constructed and verified for different types of sound source models(e.g., single loudspeaker, dual loudspeaker, and plate vibration source). The results show that the spiral array design, combined with compressive sensing techniques, effectively improves the accuracy of sound field reconstruction, with the CS-l_1 yielding the best performance in sound field reconstruction.

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