病毒氣膠充斥在人們的生活當中對民眾造成健康上的負面效應，每季不同種類的流行感冒病毒更是增加疾病預防的困難度，因國際化而加速病毒演化的產生感冒病毒的跨物種傳染亦嚴重影響人類生活品質。綜觀現行的生物氣膠採樣器皆無法對病毒氣膠滿足高捕集效能、低活性損失、低濃度捕集及採樣便利性，使我們對環境中病毒氣膠的狀況理解不深，無法在第一時間預防傳染病的爆發。因此本研究開發一高效能與高流量的病毒氣膠採樣系統，其高流量的特性使採樣系統能夠克服環境中低濃度病毒氣膠的捕集難度並擁有高生物回收率。
研究使用MS2噬菌體做為測試病毒氣膠，研究在130 LPM的高流量下以不同的採樣氣流溫度(18℃、24℃)、不同蒸氣溫度(SJAC off (24℃)、55℃、78℃、99℃)及不同採樣設備(AGI-30、Biosampler®)來對低濃度(103 – 104 PFU/m3)的病毒氣膠進行15分鐘的採樣。SJAC採樣系統的採樣效能(生物回收率)，活性捕集比(VCEF)是評斷採樣設備效能的參考依據，藉此確認SJAC採樣系統捕集低濃度病毒氣膠的可行性。
研究結果指出，隨著蒸氣溫度的提升、採樣氣流溫度的下降，SJAC採樣系統的採樣效能及VCEF皆有所上升。兩個參數在蒸氣溫度99℃時皆有最好的成果，採樣效能高達70%以上，而VCEF也有13至22倍的成長。惟在蒸氣溫度99℃時使用水冷管降低採樣氣流溫度時會因為溫度梯度差的增加導致測試病毒的活性減損，儘管如此，SJAC採樣系統仍能有40%的採樣效能及3倍以上的VCEF。SJAC採樣系統在對傳統生物氣膠採樣效能的提升上，Biosampler®獲得的提升最多，但就總採樣效能而言AGI-30仍是本實驗參數中最適合與SJAC採樣系統搭配的生物氣膠採樣器。
本研究成功克服前期研究對低濃度病毒氣膠捕集效能不佳的問題，並確認了SJAC對於高流量採樣應用的可能性。將來仍可繼續嘗試其他參數以研發捕集各全面病毒氣膠的效能，提供一台設備讓社會大眾了解環境中病毒氣膠狀況，降低民眾的健康風險及不必要的經濟損失。

Airborne virus aerosols have negative effects on people’s health. Still, even though past influenza outbreaks had already caused lots of losses and death, there has been no viable tools to detect the concentration of environmental viral aerosols while maintaining high collection efficiency and viability preservation. Hence, this study aims to improve the performance of SJAC on sampling the low concentration viral aerosols by adjusting the parameters.
This study is based on the SJAC sampling system developed by previous studies. By raising the system flow rate to 130±3 LPM, this study use different upstream temperatures (18 and 25℃), different steam temperatures (25 with SJAC off, 45, 57 and 65℃), different bioaerosol samplers (AGI-30 and Biosampler®) to sample the low concentration (104 PFU/m3) test viral aerosols at 12.5 LPM for 15 mins. The collection efficiency (CE) and viral collection efficiency factor (VCEF) are then used to evaluate the performance of SJAC sampling system.
The result shows that as the steam temperature rises and the upstream temperature drops, both the collection efficiency (CE) and viral collection efficiency factor (VCEF) of SJAC sampling system rise as well, with the best performance at 65℃, which ranges from 1.4% to 59%. At the same temperature, VCEF also increases 9.3 times to 396.3 times. Although in improving the performance of the SJAC sampling system on sampling bioaerosols, Biosampler® yields the best result (396.3 times), AGI-30 is still the most suitable bioaerosol sampler when used in combination with the SJAC sampling system.
This study successfully overcomes the problem of insufficient performances on collecting low concentration viral aerosols in previous studies, and shows the application and the potential of SJAC with high flow rate. By continuously testing other parameters and improving the performances to thoroughly collect all viral aerosols, this study intends to provide a comprehensive device to help people better understand the status of viral aerosols in the environment, lowering the health risks and avoiding unnecessary losses.

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