伸手表現為嬰兒第一個有意向的探索動作，與認知發展相關聯。極低體重早產兒(very low birth weight，VLBW，出生體重小於1500公克)隨著醫療技術進步存活率逐漸上升，然而即使無明顯腦傷，這些孩童至學齡期仍可能有認知功能問題。因此在嬰兒期是否有一早期指標可做為日後認知能力參考。極低體重早產兒伸手表現均較足月組差，但目前則缺乏極低體重嬰兒伸手表現與幼兒期認知表現相關的研究，早產兒相關的研究也不一致。因此本研究目的為探討極低體重早產兒6個月伸手表現與足月受試嬰兒之差異，探討極低體重早產兒6個月的伸手表現與12個月時的認知功能之相關性，及本研究自行發展之嬰兒伸手測驗對於極低體重早產兒認知遲緩之區辨效度。研究樣本將由「財團法人台灣早產兒基金會」南區極低體重早產兒長期追蹤計畫中招募45位嬰兒，足月組為足月出生且發展正常之嬰兒20名。以自行發展之『嬰兒伸手動作測驗』評估極低體重個案6個月時之伸手表現，並以其12個月發展追蹤之『貝萊嬰幼兒發展量表第三版』之認知分數，進行相關性探討。研究結果顯示極低體重早產兒在伸手探索表現顯著較長且缺乏，其出生時後腦室出血程度可能為影響因子，且此表現與其一歲時認知語言分數相關，但嬰兒伸手測驗之區辨效度則較為低落。因此，未來臨床上可以早期探索行做為之後認知、語言發展之參考，然而在發展遲緩的診斷上仍需使用標準化評估工具做進一步的評估。

Reaching is the first intended actions of infants and correlates with cognition development. As technology and major advances in medical management, the survival rate and population ratio in infants born with VLBW have increased over recent years. Studies showed that even though the VLBW without major brain lesion, they are still possible to have subtle cognition problems at school age. In addition, infants born with VLBW have poor reaching performance than infants born full-term. The aim of the study was to investigate the differences in reaching performance between VLBW and full-term infants at 6 months and the correlation between reaching performance and cognition development. Last, to exam the discriminant validity of the Infant Reaching Test. We recruited 45 VLBW and 20 full-term infants. The Infant Reaching Test was used to assess infant’s reaching performance. The cognition at 12 months was evaluated by Bayley Scales for Infant Development Third Edition. Significant differences were found in reaching performance, especially in the time before hand activated. VLBW infants significantly need more time to executive their reaching performance. One risk factor of reaching was intraventricular hemorrhage. And their reaching performance was correlated with their scores of cognition and language performance at first year. But the discriminant validity of the Infant Reaching Test was low. The findings of this study provide evidence that VLBW infant’s reaching performance could be used as an index of their cognition and language ability in the future. But, the utility of The Infant Reaching Test still need to be further evaluated.

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