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研究生: 彭筱雯
Perng, Hsiao-Wen
論文名稱: 從設計思考探討減重的服務設計
A Service Design for Enhancing Weight Loss Program Using Design Thinking Method
指導教授: 劉世南
Liou, Shyhnan
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 規劃與設計學院 - 創意產業設計研究所
Institute of Creative Industries Design
論文出版年: 2016
畢業學年度: 105
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 72
中文關鍵詞: 設計思考減重肥胖服務設計復胖行為科學管理認知扭曲
外文關鍵詞: Design Thinking, Weight Loss, Obesity, Service Design, Performance management, Cognitive distortion, Lifelog
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  • 如何健康減重一直是全世界持續關注的重要健康議題,現在已有許多文獻探討從營養與運動方便著手的減肥療法。目前處於資訊發達的社會,減肥訊息取得容易,雖有助民眾提高健康意識,但復胖問題仍層出不窮。
    本研究使用「設計思考」理論為研究架構,訪談台灣現有瘦身服務提供者與曾有過減重經驗的使用者,從使用者經驗的角度,定義出以下需幫助減重者解決問題重要的階段:如何克服減重平原期,且能更進一步將減重行為養成習慣,避免復胖。透由文獻回顧和使用者行為分析,發現「記錄」是種常被運用於認知行為治療與行為科學管理的工具,能幫助減肥者用客觀的角度,避免認知扭曲造成的負面情緒,並瞭解自身行為的模式。本研究進一步融合現代工具與人性化考量,以「Lifelog」—生活紀錄的概念來進行服務設計模型的設計,藉由使用輔助工具記錄生活上「已發生過的行為」,幫助使用者客觀地看見因自己的習慣而重複發生的行為,進而找到有助於改變習慣的修正點。
    本研究邀請了六位受試者進行測試,探討Lifelog應用於現有減重服務的可行性。結果發現使用手寫筆記本方式記錄Lifelog者,能發揮刺激內在激勵、個人創意與自我檢視的效果,但其使用的不便利性,成為受試者較排斥持續使用的阻礙點;使用數位媒介如Line或Facebook者,反應使用起來較為便利,且能得到較迅速的回饋與發揮社群激勵的功能,但對於減肥行為的改善較無顯著的成效,原因可能與數位媒介易造成事情的簡化處理、較難強化事情深度,和網路平台易接收到過量資訊以及他人意見干擾有關。數位多工時代易造成使用者注意力分散,如何提升對自身行為的覺察力,專注於享受減肥過程中健康改善和自我成長的喜悅,才可能避免因習慣沒改變而一再復胖的困境。

    How to lose weight in a healthy way is still an important health issue in the whole world. There was already a large amount of literatures discussing about obesity therapy from nutrition and exercise perspectives. Although general public’s health consciousness has increased because of the advance of information and communication technology and some of them had tried some ways to lose weight, there is still a high proportion of weight rebound.
    This research used “design thinking” process as an innovative method which values user experience to examine both existing supporter for service related to weight loss in Taiwan and people who ever have weight loss experience. Beginning with empathizing users’ experience, we framed the critical problems into two stages: how to overcome plateau effect and if the behavior users want to change can further develop to form a habit to avoid weight rebound. Trough literature review and user experience analyses, we found “recording” is a tool usually used in Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Performance management. It has the function to help users to use objective point of view to avoid themselves from negative emotions caused by cognitive distortion and to realize their behavior modes. The research then combined current existing tools and human-based consideration. To apply the concept of “lifelog” which is to record down what had happened in our life to make service design prototype. Through recording behavior which had already happened on supplementary tools, users could objectively view the behavior which occurs repeatedly according to their habit. And then find out the fixing point to help alter the habit.
    Six participants were invited to investigate its adaptation to current existing weight loss services, and the result showed that participants who used paper notebook to record Lifelog show better result in stimulate intrinsic motivation, creativity and introspection. But it’s inconvenient to use was the obstruction for participants to keep using it; For participants who used digital media such as Line or Facebook, they feel it’s more convenient to use and had the advantage of rapidly receive reply and encouragement from virtual community. But it shows less effect in changing original behavior. The reason may be digital media is easy to let users simplify things and hard to in-depth deal with them. Internet also might let users easy overloaded with too much information and disturbed by opinions of others. People suffer from too many distractions in this Information Age. How to increase people’s consciousness of their own behavior, and more focus on feeling the happiness brought by their health improvement and self-development. As the habit have been successfully changed, could avoid weight rebound.

    摘要 I ABSTRACT II 誌謝 III CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1  Background and Motivation 1 1.2 Purpose 4 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIW 5 2.1 Medical Definition and Biological mechanisms of Obesity 5 2.1.1 Standards Used to Define Obesity 5 2.1.2 Weight regain mechanisms 6 2.1.3 Medical Treatment of Obesity and Weight Management 8 2.2 Common Losing Weight Methods 9 2.2.1 Dietary Weight Loss Methods 12 2.2.2 Exercise Weight Loss Methods 14 2.2.3 Medical Weight Loss Methods 15 2.3 Performance Management 16 2.3.1 Short-term Effectiveness and Long-term Maintenance 16 2.3.2 Performance Management Theory and Willpower 17 2.3.3 Cognitive Distortions 18 2.3.4 ABC Model and Target Behavior 19 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHOD 23 3.1 Research Framework 23 3.1.1 Research Strategy 23 3.1.2 Research Process 24 3.2 Empathy 26 3.2.1 In-depth interview 26 3.2.2 Case Study of Weight Loss Industries 28 3.3 Define 29 3.4 Ideate 29 3.5 Prototype and Test 30 CHAPTER 4 RESULT AND ANALYSIS 31 4.1 Empathize Users’ Experience 31 4.1.1 Experience of Kept Failing in Losing Weight 31 4.1.2 Experience of Ideal Weight Maintenance 33 4.1.3 Experience of Successfully Reaching and Maintain Ideal Weight 34 4.1.4 Health care experts’ suggestion 36 4.1.5 Findings from empathy 37 4.1.6 Case study of weight loss industries 40 4.2 Define Needs and Insights 43 4.3 Ideation 45 4.3.1 Corresponding to the Research Questions and Literature Review 45 4.3.2 The Advantages of Recording 46 4.4 Lifelog Prototyping 47 4.4.1 Concept of Lifelog 47 4.4.2 The Uniqueness of Lifelog 47 4.4.3 How to Keep a Lifelog 49 4.5 Test and Feedback 50 4.5.1 Selection of Participants 50 4.5.2 Prototype Testing 52 CHAPTER 5 Discussion and Conclusion 57 5.1 Adaptation to Current Services 57 5.1.1 Improve Personal Knowledge System 57 5.1.2 Effectiveness of Recording 58 5.1.3 Suitable Tools for Recording Lifelog 60 5.2 Limitations 62 5.3 Conclusions and Recommendations for Future Research 62 REFERENCE 65 APPENDICES 70 Appendix 1 Lifelog display by using Facebook 70 Appendix 2 Lifelog display by using LINE 71 Appendix 3 Lifelog display by paper notebook 72

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