服務化(servitization)在全球經貿需求下，已經成為工業化國家的發展趨勢。區域服務化常見於高科技製造業地區，並且這種由製造商與知識密集服務業(Knowledge intensive business service, KIBS)基於地理鄰近協作推動服務化的關係對於缺乏內部服務能力的中小企業相當重要。然而區域服務化理論尚待完善，除了地理鄰近關係以外缺乏其他鄰近向度的探討，且該主題缺乏臺灣的本土研究。鑒於高科技地區高度具有區域服務化的趨勢，並且為了提供我國科學園區發展建議，以利相關縣市政府研擬區域經濟發展策略，本研究探製造業與KIBS在空間發展上的區域服務化互動影響因素，由過往就業統計資訊進行發展脈絡探討，再以六種鄰近向度為架構分別解析各項因素的影響及其重要性。
本研究具體操作將分為三個步驟：首先由當前就業結構、區位商數進行研究地區的區域服務化現象指認及描述；接著由KIBS與製造業區位商數在縱向時間軸下的變遷經可視化處理，呈現於地理空間，探討其分布情形與地區服務化的演變脈絡；再以六種鄰近向度為架構，藉問卷及訪談瞭解製造業服務化過程中的外部協作需求、選擇KIBS夥伴的考量因素；最後綜整研究結果，提出未來園區空間擘劃建議。
研究結論發現我國科學園區已具有明顯的區域服務化趨勢，相對於全國而言，尤其展現出對KIBS的仰賴，其中因為地區條件和發展時間不同，竹科與南科呈現「北部研發、南部生產」的分工情形，以致北部的科學園區製造廠商有更高的KIBS需求。科學園區製造商選擇合作的KIBS對象時，整體而言，認知和制度鄰近性為首要的考量因素，地理與社會鄰近性次之，組織與文化鄰近性相對前者則不那麼重要。這提醒著相關政策單位，應加強KIBS認知培力訓練或輔導，且區域產業相關法規應與時俱進；而地理鄰近並非首要的因素，則揭示在資通訊技術發達的當代，廠商的合作對象已然打破距離的藩籬，空間規劃者應思考通訊等基礎設施與硬體是否完善，才能夠支持科學園區的發展，推動區域廠商服務化，穩固經濟韌性並推動產業邁向永續發展。

Servitization has become a trend in industrialized countries due to global economic and trade demands. Territorial servitization is common in high-tech manufacturing regions, and the relationship between manufacturers and knowledge intensive business service (KIBS) based on geographical proximity to promote servitization is very important for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that lack internal service capabilities. In this study, we investigated the spatial development of the manufacturing industry and KIBS in terms of their interaction with territorial service-oriented factors. We examined the development of these factors from past employment statistics, and then analyzed the impacts of each factor and their significance in terms of six proximity dimensions.
In this study, the phenomenon of territorial servitization in the study area was identified and described by the location quotient method, followed by a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews to understand the demand for external collaboration in the process of servitization in the manufacturing industry, and the considerations for choosing a KIBS partner.
The study concludes that there is a clear trend of territorial servitization in science parks in Taiwan, especially the reliance on KIBS in comparison to the whole country. Because of the different regional conditions and development time, there is a division of labor between Hsinchu and Southern Taiwan Science Parks in the sense of "research and development in the north and production in the south," which results in a higher demand for KIBS from manufacturers in the northern part of the science parks. In general, cognitive and institutional proximity are the most important factors for science park manufacturers to consider when choosing KIBS partners, followed by geographical and social proximity, and organizational and cultural proximity are less important than the former.

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