本文利用民國91年6月至民國95年11月所量測的地形水深資料，根據三種形式：(1)沿海岸線取10條剖面線(2)-3m、-5m和-9m等深線(3)應用二維模式的方式，經由經驗正交函數法 (Empirical orthogonal function,EOF) 的計算來分析鹽水溪出海口附近之海岸地形變化，及應用傳統分析方法探討地形的侵淤變化和海岸線變遷的情形，且將兩種分析方法之結果相互比較。並應用馬可夫過程 (Markov process) 和線性迴歸 (linear regression) 配合經驗正交函數法來建立預測模式，來預測未來海岸地形。
本文應用經驗正交函數法分析地形資料，發現第一模態可以很準確的描述海岸地形之平均，而第二模態可以代表海岸地形之侵淤變化量，並將分析結果和傳統分析方法比較，發現利用經驗正交函數法分析地形水深資料可以讓人很清楚得看出海岸地形的變化特性。
應用經驗正交函數法所建立的預測模式來預測未來的海岸地形，和實際量測的海岸地形比較後發現，預測模式所得之結果和實測之地形有相當一致性的變化趨勢。

This research uses measured bathymetric data near Yan-Shuei River from 2002 to 2006 to investigate the bathymetric variations by using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) and the traditional method. A one-dimension EOF is applied to choose ten profiles to investigate the depth variation in the on-offshore direction and to study the variation in -3, -5 and -9m contours. Finally two-dimensional EOF is used to investigate the entire plain performance of bathymetric variations. And a predcitive model of beach changes is built by EOF, Markov process and linear regression.
The result shows that the first spatial eigenfunctions can describe the mean of coastal landform exactly and the second spatial eigenfunctions can describe erosion and deposit of coastal landform. By comparing the results with the traditional method, it can find that the use of EOF to analyse bathymetric data allows to easily determine bathymetric variations.
The result of predictive model exhibit similar tendency to the measured data.

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