本研究目的為探討醫師對出院準備服務知識、態度及行為現況及其相關的影響因素。採橫斷式相關性研究，自民國95年2月至95年3月為期二週，以南部某醫學中心有執行出院準備服務科別之現職醫師，共228位醫師參與研究，藉由結構式問卷收集資料，並以SPSS For Windows 13.0版之軟體進行描述性及推論性統計資料分析。
結果顯示醫師對出院準備服務的知識總平均得分為56.7分，科別、科別是否有推展出院準備服務、是否曾經接受過出院準備服務教育訓練課程在知識上呈顯著性差異（F＝6.1，P＜0.001；t＝2.034，P＜0.05；t＝4.281，P＜0.001）。而醫師對出院準備服務的態度總平均得分為3.9分，幾近「同意」，性別、職稱、未來有機會願意接受出院準備服務教育訓練課程在態度上呈顯著性差異（t＝3.291，P＜0.05； t＝2.027，P＜0.05； t＝-2.707，P＜0.01）。醫師在出院準備服務的行為得分平均為3.5分，介於「尚可」至「經常如此」之間，科別、是否曾經接受過出院準備服務教育訓練課程、未來有機會願意接受出院準備服務教育訓練課程在行為上呈顯著性差異（F＝3.719，P＜0.001； t＝2.671，P＜0.01；t ＝-2.006，P＜0.05）。知識與態度、行為呈正相關（r＝0.246； r＝0.314），表示知識高者，其態度、行為也較好；態度與行為呈正相關（r＝0.354），表示態度愈好者，其行為亦愈好。行為為知識的預測變項，行為得分越高，其高知識的優勢比值（odds ratio）為1.83；行為為態度的預測變項，行為得分越高，其高態度得分的優勢比值（odds ratio）為2.865；是否曾接受過出院準備服務教育訓練課程與態度為行為之預測變項，曾接受過出院準備服務教育訓練課程者其行為得分是未曾接受過者之2.522倍，而態度得分越高者，其高行為的優勢比值（odds ratio）為4.228。
研究結果顯示針對本研究之醫師，整體而言知識的得分屬於中等，但態度和行為的得分則較高，尤其醫師對出院準備服務的態度幾近同意，研究也呈現行為可以預測知識，因此若要增加醫師對出院準備服務的認識，除加強教育課程外，亦可藉由政策推動，讓醫師邊執行邊學習，同樣可以達到成效。本研究結果將可以作為該醫院出院準備服務在職教育安排的參考及政策推展之依據。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the medical physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about the discharge planning and their related factors. Cross-sectional correlational design was used. This study recruited 228 physicians from the departments which had implemented discharge planning at one medical center in southern Taiwan from February to March, 2006. Structured questionnaire had been used to collect the data. SPSS/PC Software vision 13.0 was used to analyze both descriptive and inferential statistics data.

The results showed that the average score of physicians’ knowledge about discharge planning was 56.7. Medical department, no matter the department had implemented discharge planning or not, and whether physicians had gotten the discharge planning educational training or not, there were significant differences in the physicians’ knowledge about discharge planning （F＝6.1，P＜0.001；t＝2.034，P＜0.05；t＝4.281，P＜0.001）. The average score of physicians’ attitudes about discharge planning was 3.9. It means their attitudes were near “agreement”. Sex , Job position , Whether the physicians are willing to attend the lectures about discharge planning or not, there was a significant differences in the physicians’ attitudes about discharge planning （t＝3.291，P＜0.05；t＝2.027，P＜0.05；t＝-2.707，P＜0.01）. The average score of physicians’ behaviors about discharge planning was 3.5. It means their behaviors were between “sometimes” and “usually”. Medical department, and whether physicians had gotten discharge planning educational training or not, Whether the physicians are willing to attend the lectures about discharge planning or not, there was a significant differences in the physicians’ behaviors about discharge planning （F＝3.719，P＜0.001；t＝2.671，P＜0.01； t＝-2.006，P＜0.05）. There are significant positive relationship among physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. It means that the higher physicians’ knowledge are, the better physicians’ attitudes, and behaviors are. There is a significant positive relationship between physicians’ attitudes and behaviors. It means that the better physicians’ attitudes are, the better physicians’ behaviors are.

The result of the analysis of logistic regression indicated that the predicting factor of physicians’ knowledge was physicians’ behaviors, and the odds ratio was 1.83 . The predicting factor of physicians’ attitudes was physicians’ behaviors, and the odds ratio was 2.865. The predicting factors of physicians’ behaviors were physicians’ attitudes and whether physicians had gotten discharge planning educational training or not, the odds ratios were 2.522 and 4.228,respectively.

The findings of this study suggest that both arranging in-service education and establishing hospital policy of implementing discharge planning services will improve the physicians’ knowledge of discharge planning.

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