由於近年極端氣候之影響，再加上台灣之地形地質關係，堰塞壩產生之數量多且因為產生區域不同，導致潰決時之土體粒徑及入流量皆有極大不同，而其潰決之破壞力皆突發性且破壞力皆大，因此必須更迫切地著手了解堰塞壩之各項潰決性質。
而由於堰塞壩往往形成於山區之河川，因此在本研究有別於以往室內實驗之平面以及一維實驗，而是選擇在坡面上進行三維進行觀察其向源及側向侵蝕之形貌。
本實驗選擇以蘭島溪2018年11月做縮尺，比較其相似性。而也因為在室內小型實驗是個更有效之方法能夠在短時間內做出多組實驗去分別分析各因素對於潰決機制之影響，所以選擇在室內試驗模擬戶外大型試驗。
從本研究使用不同粒徑及入流量作為變因，探討壩體被沖蝕之體積變化量、潰口水理特性以及壩體向源侵蝕之形貌變化。
實驗結果得到體積之被沖刷量深受中值粒徑之大小影響，粗粒徑較細粒徑被沖蝕量大，主要因為其粗粒徑之土壩體水力傳導度較大，濕潤之土體較容易被侵蝕；尖峰流量大小遠遠受到粒徑之影響大於入流量，本實驗因為粗粒徑上述所說，較容易被沖蝕，因此尖峰流量時潰口較細粒徑大的許多，因此尖峰流量也較大，且尖峰流量到達時間也較快抵達。雖本實驗之最大入流量無法模擬至現地之入流量，流量曲線與現地之大小有些差距，但還是可以觀察出，尖峰流量到達時間與入流量相較無關係；而在不同粒徑也觀察到向源侵蝕之形貌非常不同，而從下游坡面之最大斜率能夠看出其極大數值上之差別，向源侵蝕中，較細粒徑之土壩其下游坡度斜率較陡。

Because of these years Extreme climate happen in the world, there are a lot of barrier lakes and debris dams remaining not only at river’s upstream but also downstream, these debris dams will be some different properties, for example like geological condition, inflow discharge, sediment diameter, dam size, slope below dam, etc.
In this research, we observed dam mouth’s hydraulic properties, dam volume amount of erosion and dam headward erosion’s morphology in response to inflow discharge and diameter of dam’s composing material.
The result shows the coarser dam will be eroded faster than the finer one, because the hydraulic conductivity of the coarser dam is bigger than finer one, and wetter dam is more easily eroded by inflow discharge, coarser dam’s volume amount of erosion is bigger than finer; and by this property, the dam breach mouth of courser dam will bigger than finer one, therefore the coarser dam’s pike discharge is bigger and faster than finer; and by different medium diameter of dam’s material we can also found there are big difference of the morphology during the headward erosion.

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