氣候異常的現象，在面臨災害時，政府的專業與動員能力是絕對必要的；家庭和個人的自我保護能力也是重要的，而「社區」更是首先面對災害發生時最能及時因應和動員的單位，是站在最前線能與災害應對的群體和拯救多數人的關鍵。因此，社區韌性所討論因應災害及復原能力是關鍵。目前為止，社區韌性所討論的研究方向大多以「救災」、「防災」為導向，此為由上至下系統性災防體系的建立。然而，本研究欲瞭解當一個社區因暴露於潛在風險中，發生無可避免的干擾、災害時，社區本身所能恢復的的能力（獨立發展），係屬於「社區韌性發展」。

　　本研究探討社區韌性發展之內涵，針對發展韌性社區之下的層面及內容並建構指標架構。以模糊德爾菲法檢驗專家對於社區韌性發展指標的共識與否。後續進行AHP/ANP專家問卷，得到不同層面權重分配以及指標重要性排序；再藉由敏感度分析、社區情境討論得到社區韌性發展面向、指標排序的不同；最後討論不同類型社區資源（自然景觀資源、建築設備資源、人力組織資源、文化技藝資源）對於不同指標間重要性以及運用於各指標之建議。

　　研究結果顯示，在社區韌性發展為目標之下的執行面向與目標，需以環境面下的「生態環境」以及「實質建設」為優先，並投以「在地能資源」之永續經營；指標項目中以「環境敏感區」最為重要，加上「通訊網絡」與「在地水資源」為專家評估結果較重要的項目。本研究藉由指標建構、不同社區發展情境的討論、以及社區資源類型對指標的運用建議，期望能提供執行社區發展的相關單位在社區實務工作上加以考量運用。

Climate change has brought serious impacts on ecological and socio-economic systems. Community plays the first role to instantly react to the disaster and manage risks. Therefore, developing community resilience is the key point when it comes to disaster recovery. Up to present, many studies for community resilience target on “disaster relief” and “disaster prevention”—to systematically formulate the top-down disaster prevention network. On the contrary, this study focuses on the grass-root and independent development of a community under the concern of risks.

This study investigates the development of community resilience by building phases and indicators of the evaluation structure. Expert panel includes specialists from National Center for Disaster Reduction (NCDR) and relevant scholars of community research. Questionnaires are applied with Fuzzy-Delphi and AHP/ANP method to reach the priority and weights of indicators. Following the result, the study discusses different scenarios and resource allocation for a community to do management under the goal of developing resilience.

The result shows that the phase of “Eco-environment” and “Built-environment” are the first and second concern. Among indicators, “Environmentally Sensitive Area” is the first place followed by “Local Water Source” and “Communication Network.” Through this evaluation structure, it is expected that the community could refer to their relevant works to enhance the resilience competence.

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