高鐵的誕生導致台灣地區中、長程旅客運輸市場由原本的國內航空服務為主，逐漸被鐵路系統取代。近年來，高鐵旅運人次逐年提升，儼然已成為國人不可或缺的交通運輸工具，一日生活圈的生活模式隨之成形，造就了國內產業結構的改變。爰此，運輸服務的可靠度及滿意度逐漸受到重視，一旦有事故發生，運轉安全及旅客服務須同時兼顧。盡速完成故障排除、恢復安全的通行環境為各鐵路業者的首要目標；此外，對延遲時間的掌握度越高，盡速提供旅客必要的延誤資訊，將能協助旅客判斷其行程被干擾的嚴重程度，對於旅客滿意度有直接的影響，也對鐵路業者的決策判斷及營收影響有很大的助益。
本研究透過台灣高鐵公司2013年至2018年間的延誤資料，嘗試利用敘述性統計、線性迴歸、羅吉斯迴歸等模式，針對各種影響列車延誤的相關變數進行分析，瞭解其對列車延誤影響的程度。研究結果顯示，運用上述模式在列車延誤的分析均達到預期效果，有助於探討列車延誤因子的影響程度。路線容量、案件類別、事故地點、前往處置所花費的交通時間、處置過程所耗費的時間、備用車組數等因素都對於延誤時間呈現顯著的影響；而備用車組數與列車延誤呈現負相關，對高鐵公司計畫性的車組運用決策上具參考價值。

The medium to long distance transportation market in Taiwan has gradually shifted from domestic airlines to railway systems since the introduction of high speed rail. With increasing ridership over the past years, high speed rail has become an essential mode of transport in Taiwan, leading to the formation of “one day peripheral circle” and the change of industry structure. The importance of reliability and customer satisfaction for transportation services is therefore growing. When incidents occur, both operation safety and customer services are to be considered. The first priority for railway operators has been to complete troubleshooting and resume safe operation in the shortest time possible.
Furthermore, with increased control over time delay and the provision of necessary delay information to customers, customer satisfaction is directly impacted since passengers are able to evaluate the extent of trip interruption. Railway operators are also benefited in decision making and operation revenue.
This study uses the delay data from Taiwan High Speed Rail during 2013 to 2018, with the adoption of different models including descriptive statistics, linear regression and logistic regression, to analyze different delay variables and understand the impact on train delay. This study demonstrates that all the above models provided anticipated results on delay analysis and supported the evaluation of the impact on train delay factors. The line capacity, case category, location of incident, travel time
to site, time spent on the handling process and number of standby trainsets showed statistically significant effect on delay time, whilst the number of standby trainsets was negatively correlated with train delay.
These results provide reference values to Taiwan High Speed Rail on trainset utilization plans.

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