為了有效估計知本地區溫泉資源，本研究首先運用集水區水平衡概念及基流資料估計法推求知本溫泉區淺層地下水補注量，並調查知本溫泉區水文地質等參數，建立水文地質之模型，利用數值模擬軟體TOUGH2，分析地下水流、熱流傳輸分佈情形。其次經由已知地溫梯度及水流場，反推知本溫泉區之深循環地下水補注量，最後再進行抽水分析，於限制條件下，推估知本溫泉可開發量。
模擬結果得知，知本溫泉之地下水經過加熱後，由於熱浮力作用、高山地形的靜水壓力以及熱水會循著斷層帶、裂隙帶往上湧升至地表上，使地層較淺處有異常高溫存在，且地下水流與熱流皆會向透水係數大之破碎帶集中之趨勢，可知地熱系統與斷層帶是息息相關的。利用基流分離估計溫泉淺層補注，結果顯示，溫泉淺層地下水年補量約為990萬噸/年。利用數值軟體TOUGH2模擬，由已知地溫梯度及水流場，反推深層補注，結果顯示，溫泉地下水年補量約為50萬噸/年。
最後將建立的數值模型進行抽水分析，在假設限制條件下，針對不同深度，探討知本地區溫泉抽水量與地下水位洩降關係以及溫度下降關係。結果得知，當抽水深度越深時，地下水位洩降量會越少，且溫度下降量會越大。

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the amount of hot spring resources and occurrence of the hot spring in Chih-Pen area. Based on the concept of water balance and base-flow model, the hydro-geological construction in basin is established to evaluate groundwater recharge and investigate the parameter of hydrogeology. First, the geological structure and core sample are collected in order establish the hydro-thermo-geostructure filed model. The 3-D thermal-hydraulic simulation approach is provided by TOUGH2 describe the heat flow field and to occur the fluid sources. Second, the geothermal gradient and the distribution of thermal water flow were used to assess the groundwater recharge of deep circulation in hot spring area. Finally, the allowable exploitation of hot spring was estimated under several constrainted conditions in Chih-Pen area.
The simulated results show that unusual high temperature at upper rock layer due to thermo-buoyancy, hydrostatic pressure, and thermal water flows along the fault zone in Chih-Pen area. The mainly flow paths of hot spring is affected by high-permeability fracture zones which can give rise to large discharge of hot spring. The results also indicated the shallow and deep groundwater recharges to geothermal system are 9.90 million and 500 thousand ton/yr, respectively. The estimation results for the allowable exploitation of hot spring against the pumping depth are shown that as the deeper well pumpage is produced, the fewer groundwater drawdown and the larger temperature gradient are occurred.

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