存貨管理在企業的經營中，始終扮演著相當重要的角色。在實務上，一個存貨管理者最直接面對到的問題就是需求的不確定性。在過去有關需求不確定的存貨研究中，經濟訂購批量存貨模型是一重要研究議題，因此本研究主要考慮需求在不確定下的批量生產存貨政策，並使用模糊數來表達需求的不確定性，分別探討不允許缺貨以及允許缺貨之經濟批量生產模式。
過去有一些研究分析了生產經濟性與製程品質之間的關係，但大多將品質侷限於傳統二分法的觀點，亦即當產品的品質超出規格界限就加以拒絕，否則一律接受。然而，此理論忽略了品質損失的重要性，較無法達成品管改善之要求，故本研究將以田口二次損失函數為基礎之二次截斷不對稱型損失函數納入經濟生產模式中，假設超出規格界限的損失不同，並考慮偏移製程平均值以最小化期望品質損失，進而使模式更一般化且更具應用性。
另外，本研究並考慮藉由投資來降低製程的變異，其中利用Hong 等人 (1993) 所提出製程變異之投資函數，納入總生產成本模式中考量，即投資後的製程變異為製程改善後所能降低的製程變異水準加上目前生產系統之最大變異水準與最低變異水準之差的指數分配關係，如此不僅能降低變異並提升製程能力指標，亦能讓管理者利用本模式來比較不同製程改善的成本差異，推導出最佳生產批量、缺貨量和投資成本，以提供存貨管理者對生產決策之參考依據。

Inventory management plays an important role in business. In practice, the problem that inventory managers face directly to is the uncertainty of demand, which has been examined mostly in Economics Order Quantity models. Therefore, in this study we consider Economics Production Quantity models with and without backorders, using fuzzy numbers to deal with the uncertainty of demand.
Although several studies have analyzed the interaction between the economics of production and process quality, most of them view quality from a very traditional perspective - reject when outside specified limits, and otherwise accept. However, with the importance of quality growing day by day, several views on quality have shown that such a definition greatly underestimates the costs of poor quality and leads to sub-optimal decisions. Hence, the primary intent in this paper is to revisit this interaction of the economics of production with process quality from a non-traditional yet more realistic 'Taguchi' quality cost perspective, but here we replace the quality loss function with the asymmetrical truncated quality loss function adopted by Tsou (2006).
In addition, we represent the variance of the process as a function of investment, as proposed by Hong and Hayya (1993), to decrease the number of defective items. Our models determine the optimal production lot-size, the optimal levels of investments, and the optimal levels of backorders that minimize the sum of inventory and quality-related costs.

一、中文部分
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羅錦興著，品質設計工程指引，中國生產力中心，民國90年。
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