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研究生: 陳詩瀚
Chen, Shih-Han
論文名稱: 木構造柱梁接點以鋁合金接合件及竹板加固的抗剪與旋轉性能
Shear and rotational performance of post-and-beam timber joint reinforced by aluminum connectors and bamboo plates
指導教授: 葉玉祥
Yeh, Yu-Hsiang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 規劃與設計學院 - 建築學系
Department of Architecture
論文出版年: 2023
畢業學年度: 111
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 69
中文關鍵詞: 積層竹柱梁接點接點行為鳩尾型組件自攻螺絲
外文關鍵詞: Laminated bamboo, post-and-beam joint, joint behaviour, dovetail connector, self-tapping screws
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  • 在這因溫室氣體而造成全球暖化的當代社會中,相較於混凝土與鋼材料之下,具有固碳功能的木材成為營建材料的新選擇;此外,隨著工程木材的出現,使得木構造能突破傳統木構在結構條件下的高度限制。在設計高層建築時,結構設計由地震力控制轉換為風力誘導控制,因此,高層木構造常以半剛性接點的框架系統來做主結構,其好處是接點能吸收構架變形避免柱梁構件造成脆性破壞,以及減少斜撐的使用來增加空間利用率。
    在考慮缺工以及減少工時的情況下,使用鳩尾形的鋁合金接合件比傳統的π型結合件來的好,雖然其強度性能較低,但具有快速組裝、預製及高精度組件等特性。而該組件類型已是國外木構造廠商量產的規格化構件。
    楊博馨於2022年針對此類型接合件進行研究,開發出一款具有兩個單元的“雙版”鳩尾型組件,在考慮柱梁接點受彎的條件下,兩個單元分別安裝在梁斷面受最大彎矩處也就是梁斷面的上下兩側,然而此種設置雖在抗彎性能有所提升,但卻因其組件配置關係,使得梁構件在安裝時無法從上方直放而下只能從側邊置入,這使得金屬組件無法以銑槽的方式組裝同時也使得金屬件曝露於空氣之中,因此本研究以填塞集層竹板來包覆金屬組件以及強化接點性能。
    本研究主要以單向加載的方式來進行柱梁接點的剪力以及旋轉試驗,分別為三組剪力試體與五組旋轉試體;而在實驗結果的部分包刮了破壞模式以及各種不同數據探討,其中包括降伏值、極限值、剛性以及延展性。此外,再將本研究數據與文獻回顧中的數據進行討論。
    跟2022年楊博馨論文的數據進行比較之下,各項性能皆有提升,在剪力試驗中,降伏強度與極限強度是未填塞竹板試體的1.5與1.7倍,而延展性與剛度分別從原本的2.8與1.84kN/mm提升到7.25與2.84kN/mm;而在破壞模式當中,三組試體中有兩組在極限負載下於梁的上端呈現集層材剝落之情況,另外也有兩組試體的梁在此情況中產生旋轉。
    另一方面,旋轉試驗中的各項數據相較之下也有所提升,其中,降伏彎矩與極限彎矩分別為未填塞竹板試體的1.24與1.22倍,而延展性與旋轉剛度分別從原本的3.19與15.54 kN·m/mm提升到3.4與15.54kN·m/mm;在破壞模式的比較中,鳩尾型組件的公母扣件勢必會產生分離現象,在降伏彎矩與極限彎矩的情況下皆有80%的扣件與梁是體分離,而在整個實驗過程中,填塞柱梁縫隙中的積層竹板並無顯著之破壞。
    總結來說,填塞積層竹板於柱梁縫隙中能有效的提升剪力與旋轉性能,然而本研究的竹板並未以黏著劑固定,可能存在現實施工上的問題,因此將在最後提出相關建議與討論。

    In contemporary, the overuse of fossil fuels has caused greenhouse gas emissions to become a critical environmental issue. Compared to other materials, such as steel and concrete, wood is a biological substance that can capture carbon, making it a viable alternative in the building industry. Due to technological evolution, several engineering timbers have emerged, making timber structures taller and more feasible. While in tall timber buildings, considering wind force and earthquakes, a frame structure is one of the main options. Additionally, a semi-rigid joint can improve ductility and create more space.
    Concerning the construction periods, the dovetail connector is much faster to install than other types, such as the π-type. Furthermore, the dovetail connection is a prefabricated component with high accuracy. Although several commercial products are available in Taiwan, they are not cost-effective.
    In 2022, Yang investigated a unique dovetail connection with two coupling units on two sides of the joint. By configuring the connector elegantly, the performance in moment-resist increased dramatically. However, the configuration resulted in the exposure of the connector to air with certainty and required more steps in the installation process. Hence, the study studied the behaviours of timber joints with an identical connector enclosed by laminated bamboo plates.
    The study consisted of two monotonic loading scenarios, shear and rotational, with 3 and 5 replications, respectively. The results include failure modes and analytical data with the yield state, ultimate state, stiffness, and ductility ratio. Additionally, the study contains several comparisons between previous studies.
    In the shear tests, compared to Yang (2022), the yield and ultimate strength were 7.5kN and 13.3N, representing 1.5 and 1.7 times more, respectively. Similarly, the ductility ratio and stiffness increased from 2.8 to 7.25 and from 1.84kN/mm to 2.84kN/mm, respectively. In the failure mode, the ultimate load caused the forces to peel off the upper part of the beam by 66%, while the percentage of the rotated beam was 66%.
    On the other hand, in rotational tests, the yield and ultimate moment were 1.39kN·m and 2.27kN·m, representing 1.24 and 1.22 times more, respectively. The ductility ratio and rotational stiffness also increased from 3.19 to 3.40 and 15.54 kN·m/mm to 165.54 kN·m/mm, respectively. In the failure mode, the coupling connector detached with certainty, and the connectors separated from the beam by 80% under the yield and ultimate condition. During all tests, no visible damage occurred in the laminated bamboo plates.
    Overall, the insertion of laminated bamboo plates significantly improved joint performance in both shear and rotational load scenarios. However, the inserted plates were not fixed in the joint, which may cause problems in real-world buildings. As a result, the study concludes with several suggestions for further investigation.

    Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background and Motivation 1 1.2 Research Area 3 1.3 Aims 5 1.4 Research Method 6 Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 2.1 Overview of Timber Building 7 2.2 Connection 9 2.2.1 One Unit Connector 9 2.2.2 Two or Multiple Unit Connectors 11 2.2.3 Dovetail Connectors 16 2.3 Material 19 2.4 Analysing Methods 21 2.5 Conclusion 23 Chapter 3 Testing 24 3.1 Test Design 24 3.1.1 Experimental Material 24 3.1.2 Installation Sequence 28 3.1.3 Coding and Labelling 29 3.2 Test rig and instruments 30 3.3 Calculate Definition 36 Chapter 4 Result and Discussion 37 4.1 Result Analysis 37 4.1.1 Shear test 37 4.1.2 Rotational test 40 4.2 Failure Modes 43 4.2.1 Shear test 43 4.2.2 Rotational test 49 4.3 Component method 57 4.4 Discussion and Comparison 63 4.4.1 Comparisons of the shear tests 63 4.4.2 Comparison of the rotational tests 65 Chapter 5 Conclusion and Suggestion 69 5.1 Conclusion 69 5.2 Suggestion 69 Reference Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D

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