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研究生： 王盈淇
Wang, Yin-Chi
論文名稱： 溫度效應對電紡絲製備高分子纖維之影響
Temperature effects on preparing polymer fibers via electrospinning
指導教授： 王紀
Wang, Chi
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2006
畢業學年度： 94
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 170
中文關鍵詞： 聚丙烯睛 、電紡絲
外文關鍵詞： Polyacrylonitrile, electrospinning
相關次數： 點閱：341  下載：6 
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    • 中文摘要

    藉由改變PAN/DMF溶液溫度，可使黏度大幅度下降，導電度上升且表面張力下降，以上三種溶液特性改變趨勢皆可讓電力更有效的拉伸PAN/DMF液柱，得到比室溫電紡更小的PAN纖維直徑。但於高溫的系統，溶劑更容易揮發，使懸在針頭前端的液滴gel化，造成不穩定電紡的因素，本研究利用通入高溫溶劑蒸氣的方法，可有效改善針端之阻塞，達到穩定電紡噴絲的目標。

    選取室溫電紡製備均勻PAN纖維的最小濃度(約為6wt%)，提高溶液溫度，使黏度降低且導電度上升，但溶液中高分子鏈entanglement的程度不變，因此可得很細的纖維。利用此製程電紡6wt% PAN/DMF溶液，於溶液溫度88.7oC下，操作變因為9.3kV、0.3mL/h、工作距離為7cm，可得平均直徑為65±27nm的PAN纖維。若使用12wt% PAN/DMF溶液，改變溶液溫度由32.2oC到88.7oC，可使纖維直徑由1063±171nm縮小為463±290nm，纖維直徑變小2.3倍。本研究發現溶液溫度升高後，Taylor cone變大，但液柱長縮短。

    Abstract

    By increasing the temperature of PAN/DMF solutions, the viscosity and surface tension of the solution can be reduced, but the conductivity is increased. Due to the enhanced solution properties, the liquid jet can be effectinely stretched by the applied voltage, and the average diameter of electrospun fibers is smaller than that obtained at room temperature. In high-temperature electrospinning process, the droplet at the tip of the needle becomes gel quickly, making the process interuppted. In this research, a special design is used to confine the needle tip in an atmosphere with saturated solvents.

    Choosing the lowest concentration(6wt%) from which smooth fibers can be prepared by room-temperature electrospinning, the solution temperature is increased to obtain solutions with low viscosity, high conductivity and sufficient entanglement density; hence we can obtain very fine fibers. The average diameter of electrospun fibers was 65±27nm from a 6wt% solution at 88.7oC. For a 12wt% solution, by changing the solution temperature from 32.2oC to 88.7oC，the average diameter of electrospun was reduced, from 1063±171nm to 463±290nm, being about 2.3 times reduction. This study confirmed that fiber diameter and jet length could be reduced , but Taylor cone became larger by the increase in the solution temperature.

    目錄 中文摘要 .............................................................i 英文摘要 ............................................................ii 致謝 ...............................................................iii 目錄 ............................................................... iv 表目錄 .............................................................vii 圖目錄 ............................................................viii 一、前言 .............................................................1 二、簡介 .............................................................3 2.1電紡絲之發展...................................................3 2.2電紡絲之模式...................................................3 2.3影響電紡絲之因素...................................................5 三、文獻回顧.........................................................20 3.1 電紡聚丙烯腈.................................................20 3.2 電紡絲收集方式...............................................24 3.3 成形纖維形態.................................................25 3.4 高分子流變學與電紡成形纖維形態之關係.........................27 四、理論 ............................................................56 4.1 高分子黏彈性.................................................56 4.2 雙折射原理...................................................58 4.2.1雙折射率................................................58 4.2.2量取纖維之雙折射率差............................................59 4.3 WAXD.............................................................60 4.4 熱電偶溫測器原理.................................................60 五、實驗 ............................................................65 5.1 實驗藥品.....................................................65 5.2 實驗材料及儀器...............................................66 5.2.1量測溶液性質之儀器......................................66 5.2.2電紡絲儀器及材料................................................66 5.2.3光學儀器........................................................68 5.2.4性質分析及其他儀器..............................................69 5.3 實驗.........................................................70 5.3.1溶液製備........................................................70 5.3.2實驗步驟........................................................70 5.3.2.1 熱機.........................................................70 5.3.2.2 通入高溫溶劑蒸氣.............................................71 5.3.3溫度量測........................................................71 5.3.4氮氣流量校正與調整..............................................72 5.3.5性質測試與分析..................................................72 5.3.5.1 廣角X光繞射儀之分析..........................................72 5.3.5.2偏光顯微鏡及雙折射率差量取....................................72 5.3.5.3掃描式顯微鏡之分析............................................74 六、結果與討論 ......................................................80 6.1 PAN/DMF溶液特性..............................................80 6.1.1黏度特性........................................................80 6.1.1.1濃度效應......................................................80 6.1.1.2溶液溫度效應..................................................82 6.1.2導電度特性......................................................83 6.1.2.1濃度效應......................................................83 6.1.2.2溶液溫度效應..................................................83 6.1.3表面張力特性....................................................84 6.1.3.1濃度效應......................................................84 6.1.3.2溶液溫度效應..................................................84 6.2 電紡成形纖維之變因討論.......................................85 6.2.1操作變因........................................................85 6.2.1.1電壓變因......................................................85 6.2.1.2流量變因......................................................86 6.2.2溶液固有特性....................................................86 6.2.2.1溶液溫度效應..................................................86 6.2.2.2溶液濃度效應..................................................87 七、結論............................................................137 八、參考文獻........................................................139 九、附錄A...........................................................146 自述................................................................170

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    【59】林健樺,以電紡絲製備聚苯乙烯纖維膜,成功大學,民國92年。
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    【61】林坤賢,以電紡絲製備聚苯噁唑纖維,成功大學,民國93年。
    【62】黃怡慧,以電紡絲製備聚羥基丁酸酯,成功大學,民國93年。

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