本研究的目的是藉由單側膝下義肢使用者步態分析及承筒負重實驗探討「膝下義肢使用者步態特殊性」及「承筒負重與步態變化趨勢相關性」，為膝下義肢使用者的步態作下科學性的紀錄。
針對膝下義肢使用者穿戴義肢後的行走情況，已有多篇文獻指出因為義肢承筒在關節自由度以及能量供給上與健肢差異甚大，造成其步態模式和常人步態模式截然不同，故必須先探討膝下義肢使用者步態特殊性。本論文透過三維動作分析系統的輔助進行步態實驗，收集受測者以自然速度行走的數據，在分析軟體的操作下找到特殊性差異部位。
義肢重量同時影響步態的能量消耗、對稱性以及代償作用。在理解膝下義肢使用者步態組成後，將進而探討承筒負重與步態變化趨勢相關性。目前大多數膝下義肢使用者義肢側包含義肢的重量是輕於健肢側，使得左右腳之步態特性有所差別。本論文嘗試讓受測者穿戴增加重量的義肢承筒進行實驗，接著同樣以步態分析尋求解答。
此外，本研究也以臨床角度記錄受測者的主觀感受，包括舒適性、機動性、額外需求等，務求徹底了解受測者感想。實驗過程中，對於肉眼可辨之受測者的明顯異常步態也持續溝通提問，以求了解發生原因，同時與在場義肢裝具師相互討論。
研究結論得出，若能附加重量於義肢承筒的小腿中段至上段之間，補充因截肢所失去的部位，同時改善承筒套孔的夾持力，增加改變義肢狀態後的適應時間，預期可以讓使用者得到更好的步態體驗。期望這些實驗資料能作為義肢裝具師製作義肢時的參考，同時也作為膝下截肢病患在選配義肢時的參考。

This study aims to research "gait characteristics of unilateral transtibial amputee." and "effects of extra load on socket" by gait analysis. For the case of wearing transtibial prosthesis, many researchers claimed that the energy supply and the joint range of motion of residual limb are different from that of sound limb. Each individual transtibial amputee therefore has a specific gait pattern. For the first objective of this research, i.e. gait characteristics of transtibial amputee, a 3D motion analysis system is used to investigate gait pattern of transtibial amputee at natural walking speed.
The weight of a prosthesis will affect the energy consumption, gait symmetry and compensatory mechanisms of a transtibial amputee. Generally, the weight of residual limb together with its prosthesis is lighter than that of sound limb. This study used different extra load placed at the proximal or distal part of prosthetic shank, and their gait patterns were collected and analyzed.
In addition, the subjective feelings of amputee including the comfortableness, mobility, and additional demands were also recorded. All the results were discussed with prosthetist and amputee.
The conclusions of this thesis include: increasing the weight of a prosthsis between the middle to proximal of shank to make up for the lost portion of residual limb; improving the clamping force at the proximal brim of socket; and giving sufficient adaptation time to gain better gait pattern. These conclusions can be used for the clinical treatments of prosthetists.

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