數位孿生為近年地理空間資訊科技發展中的重要趨勢，其中多維度空間表示、動態資訊呈現與跨領域應用皆為其關鍵要素。雖然國內外已有許多成功案例，但實務應用上仍面臨諸多挑戰，例如整合不同來源資源以支援數位孿生運作即涉及不同層面之考量。此外，相較於傳統的二維地理資訊系統，三維空間資訊的處理與應用更為複雜，不僅牽涉到多種規格與多重表示的概念，且多數領域原生資料缺乏三維表示與語意支援，這些因素大幅增加跨域多維地理圖徵整合的難度，也構成數位孿生發展的重要挑戰。
在此挑戰脈絡下，圖徵作為數位孿生基礎架構中不可或缺的組成元素，其準確識別與持續追蹤能力尤為關鍵。數位孿生的核心目標之一在於實現現實世界與虛擬模型間之同步與演化對應，而要建構擬真之對應表示，則需建立跨時間與跨領域一致識別描述之空間單元，並以圖徵為基礎之運作機制。換言之，空間資料若欲在數位孿生應用中發揮應有效益，必須能透過穩定且具擴展性的識別架構，有效界定與連結來自不同領域之資料。隨著人類生活環境日益複雜，對資料描述之空間單元的識別與精確區隔需求亦日漸提升。無論是行政管理、物流配送或房地產管理等應用場景，皆需針對空間單元進行清晰辨識與標記，建立與維護其識別碼參考系統因此成為不可或缺的任務。透過唯一編碼，識別碼可明確識別描述之空間單元，確保資料能被正確定位、識別與追蹤，並促成描述其各類特性之圖徵資料的互操作應用。然而，空間單元與識別碼之關係會隨時間變動，如行政區劃調整、道路拓展或建物拆除等，因此，識別碼參考系統需同時具備唯一性、持久性與時間版本管理能力，以紀錄圖徵生命週期內的變更，並提供歷史與最新資訊。
基於識別碼對於圖徵資訊建立、維護及應用之重要性，本研究認為識別碼除應提供地理資訊系統中單一圖徵資料之識別及促進跨域資料整合之依據外，並應具備明確管理多來源空間單元圖徵及賦予多維空間表示之能力，以建立國家地圖之觀點之下之數位孿生時空架構穩定運作之基礎。解決上述跨域整合與空間變動挑戰的關鍵在於發展具一致性之共同圖徵運作架構，探討共識識別碼之運作模式，並納入時空對應管理機制與考量不同細緻度層級與規格之空間表示，以發展具備長期追蹤與關聯能力的跨域關聯機制。最後基於其記錄架構，實現多源異質空間資料於統一基礎框架下的有效整合與持續應用，以提供跨域共同參考之依據。
本研究以臺灣現行之識別碼及其對應之空間單元作為分析對象，經由歸納其設計與維護機制，首先提出目前地理圖徵常使用識別碼之運作模式必須納入時間版本之考量，進而提出基於識別碼之跨域關聯策略，由此提升跨域資料時空狀態判斷與分析之正確性。本研究提出數位孿生系統中共同圖徵運作架構之綱要設計，並延伸發展共同圖徵之版本管理機制。研究進一步以二維與三維空間單元實例進行驗證，以實證所提方法之整合效益與操作可行性。綜合而言，隨著數位孿生技術對跨域資料整合與模擬真實世界之需求提升，在具有共識之識別碼機制下，發展一套具有明確規格及語意之共同圖徵運作架構是維持跨域資訊運作一致性之必要考量。本研究特別強調識別碼納入時間版本管理之必要性，以確保資料在不同時間點間之可追溯性與整合性。此舉不僅有助於強化多維地理資訊於跨領域中的應用推動，亦能促進空間賦能與資源重複利用，進而提升空間決策之準確性與分析之效率，增進數位孿生應用的整體效益。

Digital twins have become a key development in geospatial information science, driven by the need for multidimensional representation, dynamic data integration, and cross-domain applications. While many successful implementations exist, practical challenges remain, particularly in integrating heterogeneous data sources and managing complex 3D spatial information, which often lacks semantic and geometric support.
Within this context, spatial units serve as fundamental components in digital twin frameworks. Accurate identification and temporal tracking of spatial units are essential for aligning physical and virtual environments. To support this, spatial identifiers must ensure uniqueness, persistence, and temporal version control, enabling reliable mapping across time and domains.
This study argues that identifiers are not only essential for cross-domain data integration in GIS but also fundamental for accurately recognizing spatial features from diverse sources. Addressing the challenges of spatial change and data heterogeneity requires a common feature operation framework that incorporates standardized identifiers, temporal correspondence mechanisms, and representations across varying levels of spatial detail. Such a framework enables long-term traceability and interoperability, fostering effective integration and reuse of heterogeneous spatial data within a unified structure.
In summary, as digital twins demand seamless cross-domain integration and high-fidelity simulation, a well-specified, semantically rich feature environment is essential. Temporal version control and consistent identifiers enhance multidimensional GIS use, enable spatial data reuse, and improve decision-making, maximizing digital twin value.

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