台灣的水資源在空間與時間上分佈非常不均勻，近年來由於工業的發展與人民生活水平的提升，尤其對於地下水資源的需求與開發與日俱增。然而過於抽取地下水除了造成地下水位逐年下降，且易造成嚴重的地層下陷，因此地下水資源及補注區的評估對於地下水系統的管理是相當重要的。本研究主要目的為評估知本溪及金崙溪流域之地下水補注量以及劃分地下水補注潛能區二部份。首先應用水平衡概念建構流域水文補注模式，探討流域內各水文分量之關係，以推估流域地下水系統補注量。同時，根據經濟部水利署(2003)所繪製之地下水資源圖以及降雨資料，進行單位網格計算空間分佈之地下水補注量。結果顯示，以流域水平衡模式推估常年地下水補注量，知本溪流域為609.2mm；金崙溪流域為600.5mm。而單位網格計算法之結果，知本溪流域為579.9mm；金崙溪流域為567.3mm。兩種推估方式於知本溪流域上相對誤差為4.8％；金崙溪流域則為5.5％，此說明兩方法所推估之地下水補注量相當接近。空間分佈之地下水補注量圖亦說明兩流域之地下水補注來源大多來自中上游地區。

另外，針對不同地下水補注影響因素進行知本溪及金崙溪流域地下水補注潛能區劃分。其中，影響因子包括岩性、土地利用/覆蓋、線型構造、河系以及坡度等五項。根據航照圖、地質圖幅、國土利用資料庫以及現地探勘驗證，決定地下水補注影響因子之性質與特徵，並應用地理資訊系統(GIS)軟體之空間整合功能性進行地下水補注潛能區之劃分。結果顯示，知本溪流域極佳之地下水補注潛能區集中於下游地區，研判此地區是由於礫石層與農地分佈導致入滲能力優越且河系密集有助於河水補注地下水系統；次佳之區域為上游地區，由於變質石灰岩之影響。金崙溪流域較佳之地下水補注潛能區亦位於下游地區，主要原因為農地裸土以及部份礫石層分佈。

Water resources in Taiwan are unevenly distributed spatially and temporally. Due to the industrial development of Taiwan in recent years and the rise of people’s standard of living the demand for groundwater resource development is growing with each passing day. Over-exploitation has resulted in the decline of groundwater levels and land subsidence. Therefore, the assessment of the potential zone of groundwater recharge is an extremely important topic in proper management of groundwater systems. The main purpose of this thesis is to assess the groundwater recharge and to map recharge potential zone in the Chih-Ben and Jin-Lun creek basin. First, a water balance concept in this study is applied to establish the basin hydrologic model in order to estimate the amounts of precipitation, surface runoff, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge in the basin. Moreover, the results of groundwater recharge from the unit grids calculate method is compared the result from Taiwan the groundwater resources map by the Water Resource Agency (2003).The results show the amount of annual groundwater recharge by using water balance model in Chih-Ben and Jin-Lun creek basin is 609.2 mm/yr and 600.5 mm/yr, respectively, and by using unit grids calculate method is 579.9 mm/yr and 567.3 mm/yr, respectively. The relative error of annual groundwater recharge between water balance model and unit grids calculate method in Chih-Ben and Jin-Lun creek basins is 4.8％ and 5.5％, respectively. According to the distribution map of the groundwater recharge, the zone of the groundwater recharge can be shown in upstream region of both basins.

In order to assess the groundwater potential zone, the technologies of remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) are applied to integrate five contributing factors including lithology, land cover/land use, lineaments, drainage, and slope. By the way, the weight values of the groundwater recharge were determined by the influencing factors such as aerial photos, geology map, database of the land use, and field verification etc. The resultant map of the groundwater potential zone reveals that the highest recharge potential area is located towards the downstream regions in the Chih-Ben creek basin. This is because gravelly sand and agricultural land with the highly infiltration rate are dominated. On the other hand, the moderate recharge potential area is located at upstream regions due to the limestone with moderate infiltration rate. In the Jin-Lun creek basin, the highest recharge potential area is located towards the downstream regions because of lithology and land cover/land use.

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