本研究聚焦於國道三號中寮隧道北口之古亭坑層泥岩區，該區域受旗山斷層以及車瓜林斷層兩條具有活動性的逆斷層影響，導致中寮隧道與周遭高架橋路段常毀損與破壞。根據前人研究顯示，此區域之變形可能與斷層潛移作用有關，並指示該現象與泥貫入體、背衝盲斷層發育、板塊擠壓之褶皺-逆衝作用還有泥岩組成材料特性有關，並造成高度之變形量。本研究將從微觀角度切入，針對斷層周遭岩石與礦物進行特性分析、顯微組構觀察以及水(流體)-岩石反應實驗，旨在深入了解該區域的材料組成、岩石含水量及其變化趨勢，探討流體對岩石之影響與反應機制，並進一步揭示斷層的潛移機制、沉積環境之變化、區域構造應力來源、變形模式及防災預警之指標因子。
礦物與岩石特性分析結果顯示，泥岩的組成性質主導岩體之機械強度與行為，如：石英與黏土礦物之含量、具低摩擦係數礦物之空間分布、流體之影響…等。掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察結果顯示黃鐵礦存在多期生長或氧化現象，長石及黏土礦物和不同的碳酸鹽類礦物間，則有相互置換的關係，這些證據表明流體參與，並指示可能與斷層週期性的潛移有關。透過光學顯微鏡、掃描式電子顯微鏡、斷層掃描等分析，可觀察樣品中微觀裂隙之發育情況，並推測出其所受之最大主應力方向。研究結果顯示，靠近旗山斷層處有著拉張應力源，此可能另有其他因素所導致。水-岩反應實驗結果表明，鹵水中鈉濃度越低則越利於石英溶解及黏土礦物生成。因此，在鹵水鈉濃度較低的旗山斷層處，其岩體機械強度較低，使得該區域的垂直位移量及水平位移量都較為顯著。綜合來看，本研究發現水-岩間的流體化學變化是影響中寮隧道北口附近岩體變形的主因之一。該區域的變形作用係由1區域擠壓、2泥岩材料特性、3高壓流體和4流體化學等因素綜合控制，並造就斷層週期性之潛移行為。

This study focuses on the north entrance of the Chungliao Tunnel on National Freeway No.3 in southwestern Taiwan. According to previous research, the deformation in this area might be related to the creeping of Chishan Fault and Chegualin Fault, and implied that factors such as mud diapirs, the development of backthrust blind fault, fold-thrust belts due to regional compression, and even the geomaterial properties of the mudstone composition might contribute to the high deformation rate through the GPS observation. This study performed detailed experiments on rock and mineral characteristics around the fault zones, the microstructure investigation, and water(fluid)-rock interactions from a microscopic perspective. It aims to investigate the material composition of the study area, the water content of rocks and its trends, the influence of fluids correlated with reaction mechanisms of rocks, fault creep models, changes in the sedimentary environment, sources of regional tectonic stress, deformation mechanisms, and referring indicators for disaster prevention and early warning.
Research results indicated that the fluid chemistry between fluid and rock was one of the primary factors affecting the deformation of the rock layers near the north entrance of the Chungliao Tunnel. Four factors controlled the deformation of this area: 1 regional compression, 2 the properties of mudstone, 3 high-pressure fluids, and 4 fluid chemistry. These factors contributed to the periodic creep of the fault.

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