維持複合樹脂和牙本質間穩定的鍵結一直是復形牙科的一項挑戰。牙本質由礦物質與膠原纖維組成。在樹脂黏著時，藉由樹脂單體滲入牙本質酸蝕後露出之膠原蛋白纖維間，所構成的混合層(hybrid layer)可提供有效的鍵結形成，此有賴於穩定的膠原蛋白纖維結構。但在口內咬合運動機械疲勞後，膠原蛋白可能會發生降解的情形。近年來，利用核黃素及紫外光照射以促進膠原蛋白交聯的方式已應用於生物體。本實驗目的研究0.1%或1%核黃素配合紫外光照射時間，和處以戊二醛1分鐘等不同處理引發的交聯作用在動物膠原蛋白纖維溶液的效果以及對牙本質黏著的影響。
第一部分，先將不同濃度的交聯劑加入膠原蛋白纖維溶液之中，以膠體電泳方式測知利用戊二醛或是核黃素及紫外光照射均可獲得交聯效果；並且進一步利用奈米壓痕測試將處理的牙齒表面彈性模數及硬度之變化，選定0.1%核黃素照射紫外光1分鐘、0.1%核黃素照射紫外光2分鐘、1%核黃素照射紫外光1分鐘和戊二醛進行牙本質鍵結測試。第二部分，將拔下來無齲齒的人類牙齒之牙本質包埋，以不同交聯劑或蒸餾水處理後，再與樹脂黏著，並置放於37℃水槽中靜置隔夜，之後將黏著試片利用切割機切成0.9 毫米x 0.9毫米大小，降解測試是利用攝氏5到55度的五千次冷熱循環或置放於7天的膠原蛋白酵素溶液當中，最後將初期及經降解測試的試片分別固定於萬用試驗機上面進行拉力測試，直到斷裂，並且利用掃描式電子顯微鏡來判讀斷裂模式。另外一部分試片以銀離子染色之後，使用穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察奈米滲漏現象。
結果發現核黃素及紫外光照射或是戊二醛均有提升初期黏著強度的效果。其中，戊二醛抵抗酵素降解的能力較差；而經0.1%核黃素照射紫外光2分鐘、1%核黃素照射紫外光1分鐘處理之後，經過降解挑戰測試仍可維持較高的牙本質黏著強度，且未有測試前即斷裂的情形出現，較多是斷在複合樹脂或是牙本質本身，並且較少發生奈米滲漏現象。

A stable bond between composite resin and dentin remains a challenge in restorative dentistry. Dentin is composed of minerals and collagen. To establish effective resin-dentin bonding, the hybrid layer formed by the infiltration of resin monomers into collagen fibrils should be structurally stable. Moreover, degradation of collagen may happen after fatigue or functioning. Recently, combining riboflavin (RF) and ultraviolet A (UVA) for collagen cross-linking is used in biomedical treatments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the collagen cross-linking effects of this agent and its application in improving dentin bond strengths.
In the first part, collagen solutions were mixed with 0.1%, 1% RF (R0.1, R1) combined with UVA 1, 2, 5 minutes (U1, U2, U5) or 5% glutaraldehyde (GD) for 1 minute. The cross-linking effect of the agents was confirmed by gel electrophoresis. The dentin surface receiving various collagen cross-linking treatments was examined by a nanoindenter under moist or dry condition for the mechanical properties. In the second part, thirty sound extracted human molars were embedded in epoxy resin and ground to expose dentin. The dentin surfaces are treated with these cross-linkers or distilled water, then received adhesive treatment and resin restorations. After storage for 24 hours in 37º C distilled water, restored teeth were sectioned perpendicular to the bonded interface into 0.9 mm x 0.9 mm microbeams. The resin-dentin beams were also subject to two degradation modes, 5000 thermocycles (TC) and 7-day enzymatic digestion (Enz), to examine their durability. The TC subgroups were given alternately in 5°C and 55°C water baths, each for 20-second dwell time. The Enz subgroups were treated with the collagenase solution for 7 days at 37°C. The microtensile bond strength test was used to evaluate the resin-dentin bond strength. The morphology of the fractured dentin-composite microbeams was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to check the nanoleakage with silver stain.
The gel electrophoresis and the nanoindentation have shown the collagen cross-linking in the RF/UVA and GD groups. According to the results of the gel electrophoresis and the nanoindentation, we chose R0.1U2, R1U1, R0.1U1, GD, and DW for the following tests. Both RF/UVA and GD increased the microtensile bond strength on dentin substrates after 24 hr water storage. The GD treatment increased the collagen cross-linkage but may induce over cross-linking effect to inhibit the infiltration of resin monomers. R0.1U2 promoted the highest early μTBS and had the most resistance to TC and Enz with the most cohesive failure and less nanoleakage, and without pre-test failure.

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