因其優異的光電特性，二維鈣鈦礦 (2D PVSK) 已成為近年來光電領域的熱門材料。然而2D PVSK中強烈的激子-聲子交互作用 (exciton-phonon interaction, E-P interaction) 導致了自陷激子 (self-trapped exciton, STE) 的形成，自陷激子會進一步影響二維鈣鈦礦的光電特性。由於深入了解二維鈣鈦礦中的載子動力學有助於二維鈣鈦礦在光電元件上發展，因此本文透過幾種光譜分析方法研究了激子-聲子交互作用對苯乙胺鉛溴 (PEA2PbBr4) 鈣鈦礦之載子動力學以及自發輻射放大 (amplified spontaneous emission, ASE) 理論閾值的影響。從光致螢光 (photoluminescence, PL) 測量中我們得知在溫度為78K時，螢光主要由自由激子和自陷激子產生。根據自由激子的半高寬隨溫度變化的關係以及X光繞射結果，我們發現激子-聲子交互作用的強度與薄膜的晶格應變成現正相關。
同時藉由時間解析光致螢光 (time-resolved PL) 光譜的數值擬合結果可以得知，降低激子-聲子交互作用可以降低自陷激子躍遷至自由激子狀態的位能差，進一步增加自由激子的複合放光，還提高了自陷激子去陷 (de-trapping) 的效率。除此之外，自發輻射放大閾值的模擬結果顯示，激子-聲子交互作用的減少可以使自發輻射放大的理論閾值從17.69 μJ/cm² 下降到17.62 μJ/cm²。同時，比起激子-聲子交互作用和歐傑複合 (Auger recombination) 引起的非輻射複合，激子-激子湮滅 (exciton-exciton annihilation, EEA) 的過程對於自發輻射放大閾值有較大的影響。

Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites (PVSK) are increasingly popular for photoelectric applications due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties. However, the formation of self-trapped excitons (STE) caused by strong exciton-phonon (E-P) interactions significantly impacts these properties. To enhance optoelectronic performance, a deep understanding of carrier dynamics is crucial. This study uses various optical spectroscopy analyses to investigate the impact of E-P interaction on carrier dynamics in phenethylammonium lead bromide (PEA2PbBr4). Micro-photoluminescence (μ-PL) measurements reveal that at 78K, the emission process is governed by a free exciton (FE) state and two STE states. Temperature-dependent full width at half maximum (FWHM) for FEs and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicate a positive correlation between E-P interaction strength and lattice strain in thin films. Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) numerical fitting results show that reducing E-P interactions enhances both FE emission and STE de-trapping by lowering potential barriers in the de-trapping process.
According to the simulation of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) thresholds, we find the drop in E-P interaction makes the decrease in ASE threshold from 17.69 μJ/cm2 to 17.62 μJ/cm2 and the ASE threshold is highly dependent on the exciton-exciton annihilation (EEA) process comparing to the non-radiative recombination induced via E-P interaction and the Auger recombination. This work contributes to the understanding of the transition process for the excitons in 2D PVSK as well as the relationship between E-P interaction, carrier dynamics, and ASE threshold.

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