研究背景:隨著人口老化，逐漸重視到認知衰弱(Cognitive frailty)的現象。根據調查，認知衰弱症為全球比例約為1%至40%。在老年衰弱往往有些屬於生理老化的可逆性階段；然而在中高齡族群中，記憶力的衰退往往被忽略。因此，本研究聚焦於認知功能與情緒間造成的認知衰弱，並探討透過非藥物介入方式，如芳香療法，是否可以改善或延緩認知衰弱的逐漸惡化。現階段國內的芳香療法應用主要關注在安寧照護與紓緩壓力之困擾。然而，近年來逐漸推廣至居家、社區和醫療等機構。本研究期望探討芳香療法對於認知衰弱的介入效果，以期提供新的醫療價值，並進一步促進其在臨床與長期照護中的應用，有益於中高齡者的整體健康管理選擇之參考。
研究方法:本研究設計為單盲、隨機實驗之臨床研究。研究地點為台灣某醫學中心門診（老年精神科、高齡醫學科、神經內科門診）場域。研究對象為中高齡認知衰弱者。納入條件為(1)年齡50歲以上(2)個案或家屬代訴五年內主訴記憶力衰退(3)BHT量表≧9分(4)及由國際營養與衰老協會(IANA)所制訂的衰弱量表符合一項，最終完成參與本研究總人數為30位，隨機分配為兩組，分別為蘭花精油組、複方精油組。資料分析使用SPSS 22.0版進行描述性統計與推論性統計。使用Mann Whitney U test、成對t檢定及廣義估計方程式(GEE)分析統計分析組間與組內差異，來瞭解兩組芳香療法介入後對於認知、憂鬱情緒、睡眠品質及心跳異變異性影響之成效。
研究結果:本研究結果顯示，蘭花精油組在「思考流暢」、「訊息回憶」、「定向感」、「抽象概念」及「延遲記憶」方面有顯著提升(p < 0.05)；而複方精油組則在「訊息回憶」、「命名」、「語言」及「延遲記憶」等多項認知指標上有顯著改善(p < 0.05)。此外，兩組在憂鬱情緒和睡眠品質上均有改善，顯現出芳香療法對心理與睡眠的作用。在心跳變異率方面，蘭花精油組於第二和第三階段LF/HF比值顯著降低，呈現自律神經平衡調節作用；複方精油組則在RMSSD、HF等指標上顯著提升，反映出對心臟迷走神經與副交感神經活性更強效果。綜述以上結果，芳香療法在改善中高齡認知衰弱者的認知功能、情緒及生理指標方面展現了顯著效果，證實其在臨床應用中的潛在治療價值。此研究結果支持芳香療法作為非藥物療法的可行選擇，為未來老年照護中提供一項有效的輔助介入方法參考。
結論:本研究顯示，芳香療法在中高齡認知衰弱者的介入中具潛在臨床價值。蘭花精油與複方精油均表現出提升認知功能、緩解憂鬱情緒及平衡自律神經之效果，證明芳香療法作為一種安全且有效的非藥物介入選擇的可行性。本研究結果可作為芳香療法對於老年照護中輔助治療的選擇，並提供了未來在中高齡者整體健康管理的實證依據之參考。

As the population ages, global prevalence of cognitive frailty is approximately 1% to 40%. In some way, physiological aging could be reversible, while cognitive decline seems gradually degenerated. Thus, this study focused on the close relationship between cognitive function and emotion, using non-drug intervention methods such as aromatherapy to effectively improve memory, relieve depression, and delay cognitive decline to the stage of dementia. This study hopes that the application of aromatherapy in cognitive frailty intervention can provide new medical value, further promote its application in clinical and long-term care, and benefit the overall health management choices of middle-aged and older adults. This study conducted a single-blind, randomized trial clinical safety study. The study location was an outpatient clinic (geriatric psychiatry, geriatric medicine, neurology clinic) of a medical center in Taiwan. The research subjects are middle-aged and older adults with cognitive frailty. Inclusion criteria are (1) 50 years and above, (2) cases or family members with memory loss within five years, (3) BHT scale ≥ 9 points (4) and the frailty scale developed by the International Association of Nutrition and Aging (IANA) form After one pairing, the total number of people participating in this study was 30, and they were randomly divided into two groups, namely the orchid essential oil group and the compound essential oil group. Data analysis used SPSS version 22.0 for descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Statistical analysis of differences between and within groups was performed using the Whitney U test, paired t-test, and generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis.The study revealed that the orchid essential oil group demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive functions such as "thinking fluency," "message recall," "orientation," "abstraction," and "delayed memory" (p < 0.05). In comparison, the compound essential oil group exhibited significant enhancements in cognitive indicators, including "message recall," "naming," "language," and "delayed memory" (p < 0.05). The orchid essential oil group also showed a significant decrease in the LF/HF ratio during the second and third stages. In contrast, the compound essential oil group displayed notable increases in RMSSD, HF, and related indicators, reflecting enhanced cardiac vagus nerve and parasympathetic nervous system activity. The results of this study support aromatherapy as a viable option for non-pharmacological treatment and provide a reference for future effective adjunctive interventions in elderly care.

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