隨著精密製造技術與工業能力的不斷突破，電腦工程與資訊技術快速發展，推動了更高效能的運算與應用。現有演算法已能辨識規律模式並經由訓練做出決策，使自動駕駛逐漸成為成熟技術。在海運領域，相關自主船舶計畫也已陸續展開試驗，國際海事組織正著手制定標準，以因應未來自主水面船舶的需求。對船東與營運公司而言，自主船具備顯著優勢：不僅能提升航行安全，還可減少船員培訓與人力需求，降低營運成本，並藉由更佳的能源效率相對減少污染與碳排放。然而，全球海員短缺問題依然存在，主因在於長期專業訓練與船員個人生活犧牲使得此工作吸引力不足。本研究首先盤點現行船舶航行所需的設備與系統，並以此為基礎提出第四級自主水面船（Degree Four MASS）的概念設計，將既有商船操作經驗與最佳實務結合現代資通訊科技。所規劃的系統架構融合感測器整合技術、人工智慧決策模組，以及支援遠端操控與完全自主的控制框架。其中重點之一在於探討控制技術中數位通訊與實體層的資安風險。本文採用普渡模型（Purdue Model）分析工控系統的資訊安全威脅，並針對不同層級提出對應的防禦策略，同時透過攻擊模擬演練提升資安管理的實務認知。

With continuous advancements in precision manufacturing and industrial capabilities, computer engineering and information technology have rapidly evolved, enabling higher computational performance and broader applications. Current algorithms can already identify patterns and, through training, make decisions, paving the way for autonomous driving as a mature technology. In the maritime sector, several autonomous vessel projects are under trial, while the International Maritime Organization is drafting standards to meet the growing demand for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS). For shipowners and operators, MASS offers obvious advantages: enhanced navigational safety, reduced crew training and manpower requirements, lower operational costs, and improved fuel efficiency that adds value to pollution and carbon reduction. Nevertheless, the global shortage of seafarers remains the same, as the profession demands long-term training and personal life sacrifices, limiting its attractiveness despite competitive pay. This study begins by reviewing the essential systems and equipment required for conventional ship operation and, based on this foundation, proposes a conceptual design for a Degree Four MASS. The design integrates the concept of conventional shipboard procedures, good seamanship with modern ICT technologies, forming a system architecture that combines sensor fusion, AI-based decision-making modules, and a control framework capable of both remote operation and full autonomy. A key focus is the cybersecurity challenges arising from digital communication and physical control layers. Information security threats are analyzed using the Purdue Model for control systems, and targeted defense strategies are proposed for each system layer to ensure a comprehensive and layered approach to security. Furthermore, the paper reinforces security awareness through attack simulation exercises.

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