存貨管理是供應鏈管理中一個重要的組成部分，也是計劃和控制存貨的行為。存貨在企業生產基地、倉儲物流中心與運輸途中，每年耗費的成本約占總價值的20%~40%，因此如何進行有效的存貨管理，期望在合理的存貨成本下，達到可以讓顧客滿意的服務水準，是存貨管理首要考量的目標。本研究以一家安全帽製造商為案例實證對象，針對其與工廠互動的補貨作業進行研究，內容主要分成理論面與系統面去探討。
針對理論面，案例公司存有生產前置期長且沒有實際需求資料的限制及產品種類多卻僅使用同一種補貨策略的問題，因此本研究考量產品銷量與需求趨勢變化將產品進行分類，透過產品不同的特性，發展ABC-XYZ不同模式中最佳的補貨策略。由於案例公司是採每月月初進行補貨作業，屬於定期訂購制，因此本研究以定期審查(R, S)補貨策略與定期審查(R, s, S)補貨策略為框架，並假設最高存貨水準S與再訂購點s是可變動的，變動方式用移動平均或指數平滑，再藉由敏感度分析，調整不同的參數大小，並將其與經驗法則比較，進而找出每個類別最佳的建議補貨策略，以提升服務水準。根據實驗結果，可發現定期審查(R, S)補貨策略，S用移動平均或指數平滑變動為最佳方案，不同類別有其最合適的參數設定，以達到最佳的服務水準表現，整體而言，服務水準約有5%~13%的提升。
針對系統面，案例公司原先在訂定補貨決策的過程中耗費補貨作業相關人員大量時間與作業，本研究將建構一數位補貨系統，以減輕補貨作業相關人員作業上的時間與負擔，並藉由目視管理的方式，以網頁模式即時呈現相關資訊，可作為補貨作業相關人員與公司管理者做決策之參考依據，且透過此系統，每月可重新將產品進行分類，以維持此存貨管理方法的最佳效益。

Inventory management is an important component of supply chain management, which involves the planning and controlling of inventory. The annual cost of inventory in production sites, warehousing and logistics centers, and transportation accounts for 20% to 40% of the total value of inventory. Therefore, how to carry out effective inventory management, hoping to achieve a satisfactory level of service to customers at a reasonable cost of inventory is the primary objective of inventory management. This study uses a safety-helmet manufacturer as a case study to investigate the replenishment operations between the manufacturer and its factory, and the content is mainly divided into theoretical and systemic aspects to explore.
For the theoretical aspect, this study considers the limitations of a case company that has long lead times for production and lacks actual demand data, as well as the problem of using only one replenishment strategy for multiple product categories. Therefore, this study classifies products based on their sales volume and demand trends, and develops the optimal replenishment strategy for different categories using the characteristics of the products in the ABC-XYZ classification system. Since the case company adopts a periodic ordering system with monthly replenishment activities, this study uses the periodic review (R, S) replenishment strategy and the periodic review (R, s, S) replenishment strategy as a framework, assuming that the order-up-to-level (S) and the reorder point (s) are adjustable, and the adjustment method is either moving average or exponential smoothing. By conducting sensitivity analysis and adjusting the parameter values, this study compares the results with empirical rules to find the best recommended replenishment strategy for each category, to improve the service level. According to the experimental results, it is found that the periodic review (R, S) replenishment strategy with S variable adjusted using moving average or exponential smoothing is the optimal solution. Different categories have their own suitable parameter settings to achieve the best service level performance. Overall, the service level is improved by about 5% to 13%.
For the system aspect, the case company previously spent a lot of time and effort on replenishment operations in the decision-making process. Through the digital replenishment system constructed in this study, it is expected to reduce the time and burden of replenishment personnel, and by visually managing and presenting relevant information in real-time through a web-based interface, it can serve as a reference for replenishment personnel and company managers in making decisions. Through this system, products can be reclassified every month to maintain the optimal benefits of this inventory management method.

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