為了解決日益嚴重的環境問題，替代性能源的研究備受關注。微藻作為第三世代的生質能源，其因具有快速的生長率、高單位面積能量與其他相關優勢，極其適合作為替代性能源，故本論文建立以微藻為原物料生產生質燃料之製程並對其進行經濟評估與生命週期分析。
本論文的第一部份為在Aspen Plus®當中設計以微藻醣類生產生質丁醇之製程，其製程當中主要反應為丙酮-丁醇-乙醇發酵，而製程規模設定為全球丁醇需求量之10%。因其製程設計之不同，可分為兩種製程模型，其一為高經濟價值模型，主要產物為丙酮、丁醇與乙醇；其二為低環境衝擊模型，主要產物為丙酮與丁醇，其中將不可販賣之乙醇燃燒作為公設使用。
本論文的第二部分為將微藻培養與前處理製程和生質丁醇製程的相關數據進行經濟評估與獲利分析。微藻培養與前處理製程採用Benemann與Oswald(1966年)的計算方法，生質丁醇製程則採用J.M. Douglas(1988年)出版的化工程序設計書目中的係數估計法，來計算在經濟上的可行性。其中經濟模型的情境分為兩種，其一為土地購買，其二為土地租用。結果顯示高經濟價值模型的內部報酬率在土地購買的情況為22.37%，土地為租用則為23.48%；而低環境衝擊模型的內部報酬率在土地購買的情況為19.30%，土地租用則為19.97%。其結果可以顯示兩種模型在經濟上具有可行性，而高經濟價值模型更具有投資潛力。
本論文的第三部分將微藻培養與前處理製程和生質燃料製程的相關數據進行生命週期分析並與傳統石化燃料比較。因在微藻培養與前處理製程當中具有多種方法可供選擇，故先尋找最低的能耗方法組合，並將其相關數據利用SiamPro®軟體進行計算。結果顯示在以微藻油脂生產生質柴油的製程上，因油脂生產的單位能耗較高，故其環境衝擊是大於傳統石化燃料；而以微藻醣類生產生質丁醇的製程中，其環境衝擊與傳統石化燃料相差不遠，其中低環境衝擊模型的環境衝擊更是低於傳統石化燃料；另外也顯示本研究的生質丁醇製程產物其環境衝擊也遠低於傳統石化合成方式的產品。其結果可知道本研究製程具有作為替代性能源的潛力。
上述研究結果可了解以微藻醣類作為生產生質能源的原物料在經濟上與環境上都是極具潛力的；而以微藻油脂作為生質能源的原物料在環境上較不具優勢的，然而若是有更多低耗能的前處理製程方法可供選擇，可提升以生質柴油作為替代性能源之可行性。

To solve the environmental pollution which is caused by the overuse of fossil fuels, bioenergy, as of the alternative energy sources, has been highly developed. Microalgae, as of the third generation of bioenergy, is commonly considered as the major raw material of the biofuel. First, it was completed a design of a biobutanol production process by ABE fermentation on Aspen Plus®, and because of the difference of the process design, it was classified the production processes as Lucrative model and Eco-friendly model. Second, it was evaluated the cost from the microalgae cultivation and pretreatment process to the production process of bio-butanol then was calculated the profitability of production processes. There were two scenarios in the profitability analysis, the first was the land purchase, the second was the land lease. The IRR results of the lucrative model were 22.37% in the scenario of the land purchase and 23.48% in the scenario of the land lease, respectively. The IRR results of the eco-friendly model were 19.30% in the scenario of the land purchase and 19.97% in the scenario of the land lease, respectively. Third, it was assessed the environmental impact of the microalgae cultivation and pretreatment process and the biofuel production process. As the result revealed, the impact of biodiesel was higher than the fossil fuel. On the other side, the impact of biobutanol was lower than the fossil fuel. Due to the above result mentioned, the microalgae carbohydrates, as of the raw material of the biofuel, were showed potential in the economy and environment.

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