本研究比較中碳鋼與快削鋼於車削與銑削加工中受力、刀具磨耗和加工後表面粗糙度與切屑型態分析。目的為建立適當鋼材切削性質的評估方法。
實驗結果顯示：切削時，在相同之條件下，刀具所承受之切削力愈小者，則工件材料之切削性愈優。切削各種不同之材料，在相同之切削條件下(刀具，進給與轉速)刀具之磨損低者，刀具壽命維持較久，則工件材料之切削性優良。工件材料有優良的切削性並不意味工件加工面有良好的表面光度。切屑之型態可以判斷鋼材的切削性。快削鋼有較好之切削性，切屑呈現片狀，且加工斷屑良好。而中碳鋼之切屑呈現卷區纏繞之現象，切屑剝離不良或纏繞工件與刀具將影響工件的加工品質及加速刀具的損壞。

In this study, medium carbon steel and two free cutting steels; 1215 and 12L14, are investigated for the forces exerted on the tool, wear rate and tool temperature during turning and milling as well as surface roughness of the machined part and morphology of the machined chips after turning and milling. The basic idea is to find the parameters, which clearly reflect the machinability of steel. Then the parameters can be easily implemented to evaluate the machinability of steel without sophisticated apparatus.
The results show that for the same cutting condition less cutting forces stand for better machinability. Less wear rate of tool means better machinability. The machined chips can also be used to judge the machinability of steel. The machined chips of free cutting steel are piecemeal while those of medium carbon steel are continuous. The curly, continuous chips are also more prone to interfere with the machining process and affect the surface quality of the machined part, and increase the wear rate of tool.

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