在可見光波段能同時實現高階多極共振與多重共振的全介電質超穎表面為一項重要的研究課題。本研究將分為兩個部分進行探討。第一部分先建立一套系統化的研究架構，並引入多極展開理論作為分析工具，系統性分析全介電質超穎表面中多極共振與多重共振之形成機制，並著重於高階環形多極矩的物理特性，以實現同時具備寬相位分布與良好光學穩定性。第二部分則以上述研究結果為基礎，進一步探討其應用於全介電質手性結構時所展現的圓二色性光學特性。透過此研究架構，能釐清高階多極與多重共振的激發機制。
首先，我們提出一種以n型摻雜氮化鎵(GaN)為基礎的全介電質超穎表面，於可見光波段成功激發環形偶極、環形四極、電四極及磁八極等高階多極共振。即使奈米結構存在一些製程偏差，其共振行為仍保持穩定，顯示出良好的光學穩健性。由於奈米結構與基板採用相同材料，降低了介面散射，使環形多極模態得以有效激發。此外，隨著結構尺寸的調變，相位調變範圍可擴展至315°以上。基於上述分析結果，我們進一步探討圓二色性的應用，以實現基於偏振選擇性激發的手性光學功能，而引入了由非晶矽(a-Si)非對稱伽瑪形結構所構成的全介電質超穎表面。藉由破壞面內與旋轉對稱性，該結構展現顯著的雙波段圓二色性響應。多極分析顯示，高CD源自電四極、磁四極與環形偶極的偏振選擇性激發，且在寬入射角範圍內仍維持穩定表現。在這一系列的研究中，我們提出了一套通用的全介電質超穎表面的設計與分析方法，並展現出良好的應用潛力，可應用於可見光波段的光學開關、色彩濾波、光學濾波器以及手性光學等元件開發。

All-dielectric metasurfaces that simultaneously support higher-order multipolar and multiple resonances in the visible regime represent an important research topic. This study is organized into two parts. The first part establishes a systematic framework based on multipole expansion theory to analyze the formation mechanisms of multipolar and multiple resonances in all-dielectric metasurfaces, with particular emphasis on the physical properties of higher-order toroidal multipole moments and their roles in broadband phase response and optical stability. Based on these results, the second part investigates the circular dichroism characteristics of all-dielectric chiral structures. Overall, this work clarifies the excitation mechanisms of higher-order multipolar and multiple resonances and highlights the potential of such structures for optical applications.
First, we propose an all-dielectric metasurface based on n-type doped gallium nitride(GaN) that supports higher-order multipolar resonances, such as toroidal dipole, toroidal quadrupole, electric quadrupole, and magnetic octupole modes, in the visible spectrum. These resonances exhibit strong robustness against fabrication imperfections, enabled by reduced interfacial scattering using identical materials for the nanostructures and substrate. Since the nanostructure and the substrate are made of the same material, interfacial scattering is reduced, enabling efficient excitation of the toroidal multipole mode. Furthermore, by varying the structural dimensions, the phase modulation range can be extended to 315°. Based on these results, we further explore circular dichroism applications by demonstrating chiral optical functionalities via polarization-selective excitation using an all-dielectric metasurface consisting of asymmetric amorphous silicon(a-Si) gammadion structures. Owing to broken in-plane and rotational symmetries, pronounced dual-band circular dichroism(CD) responses are achieved. Multipolar analysis reveals that the strong CD arises from selective excitation of electric quadrupole, magnetic quadrupole, and toroidal dipole modes under CPL illumination, which remain stable over a wide range of incident angles. Overall, this work establishes a general design and analysis framework for all-dielectric metasurfaces with potential applications in visible-spectrum optical switches, color filters, optical filters, and chiral optical devices.

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