研究背景：
精神分裂症患者的社交認知功能如情緒認知和情緒管理有所損壞。但是否抗精神病藥物（傳統型或非傳統型）和臨床症狀特性會對社交認知功能有影響目前則尚不明確。

研究目的：
本研究欲探討臨床症狀特性、抗精神病藥物（傳統型或非傳統型）對精神分裂症患者的社交認知功能有影響。

研究方法：
共計收納76位精神分裂症患者，其中38位服用傳統型抗精神病藥物，其餘服用非傳統型抗精神病藥物。在進行評估前所有患者之抗精神病藥物均至少八週維持最佳而不變的劑量。兩組病人在性別、教育、發病年齡、病程時間、發作次數、住院次數、住院總時間、曾使用過的足夠劑量、足夠時間的抗精神病藥物數目、運動副作用（以Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale, Simpson-Angus Rating Scale, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale評估所得）均相似。臨床症狀以Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale（PANSS）之五項症狀因子：正性、負性、認知、興奮、憂鬱或焦慮來進行評估。社交認知功能則以美國National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)推薦的Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test （MSCEIT）中的情緒認知、情緒處理、情緒關係等測驗進行評估。

研究結果：
情緒認知分數與PANSS認知症狀因子相關（P<0.01），情緒管理分數與PANSS認知症狀因子相關（P<0.01）及PANSS 興奮症狀因子相關（P<0.01）。服用傳統型或非傳統型抗精神病藥物的兩組病人的社交認知功能並無顯著差異。

研究結論：
本研究發現社交認知功能為精神分裂症病人之正性及負性症狀之外的獨特的穩定表現型（endophenotype）。情緒認知和認知症狀相關，情緒管理和認知及興奮症狀相關，傳統型或非傳統型抗精神病藥物對於社交認知功能的影響相似。

Background: Social cognitions, such as emotion perception and management, are impaired in patients with schizophrenia. Whether the antipsychotic status (typical vs. atypical) and clinical manifestation exert influences on social cognition remains unclear.

Methods: Seventy-six patients with schizophrenia were recruited. All had been receiving stable and optimal doses of antipsychotics for at least 8 weeks prior to assessment: 38 patients (50%) treated with typical antipsychotic agents and the other half atypical antipsychotic. The two groups were similar in gender distribution, age, education duration, age at illness onset, illness duration, episodes of illness, times and total duration of hospitalizations, number of full-dose, full-course antipsychotics treated, and motor side effects. Clinical manifestations were determined by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and its positive, negative, cognitive, excitement, and depression/anxiety factors. Social cognition was assessed by subtasks of facial emotion perception, emotion management, and emotion relations of the Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT).

Results: Emotion perception score was related to the PANSS cognition factor (P<0.01); and emotion management score was related to the PANSS cognition (P<0.01) and the PANSS excitement factor (P<0.01). Two antipsychotic treatment groups of patients were similar in all social cognition domains.

Conclusions: This study suggests that social cognition can be a unique endophenotype distinct from the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, emotion perception is related to cognitive symptoms, and emotion management is related to cognitive and excitement symptoms. Typical and atypical antipsychotics do not distinguish from each other regarding its effect on social cognition.

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