氣候型態的改變，使降雨型態產生變化，提升洪水災害發生的可能性，舊有的設施已不敷使用，在既有建物及道路系統完善的情況下難以更動的情況下，設置小型滯洪池及低衝擊開發設施可作為合適的解決方案，然而任意的設置減洪設施可能適得其反，除了浪費公帑外，更可能導致區域淹水情形加重。在台灣除了可能面臨強降雨事件，更多的時間是受到降雨季節分布不均影響，即使設置了減洪設施卻長期閒置無用，在未降雨的日子，部分設施可透過自身設計達到減碳效果，若將此優勢一併考量，可使設施發揮最大效益。
本研究中以滯洪池、生態滯留單元、雨水花園、綠屋頂、入滲溝、透水鋪面、雨水桶(小)、雨水桶(大)及植生溝九種設施的設置體積/面積、數量、位置作為決策變數，並分為兩種情境探討，情境一探討在最小成本及最小逕流量二目標下的平衡方案，情境二為考量在最小成本、最小逕流量及最大減碳量三目標下的平衡方案，透過非支配排序基因演算法(Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, NSGA-II)進行求解，結合暴雨管理模式(Storm Water Management Model, SWMM)模擬在5年、10年及50年重現期下各方案的減洪情形，從演算法所產生的柏拉圖前緣方案中選擇五種最佳綜合效益方案進行分析，並將選擇方案輸入至TELEMAC-2D模擬人孔溢流產生的地表逕流情形，展示最佳方案的減洪效果。
研究發現具有低成本、良好減洪能力及極佳減碳效果的透水鋪面在所有最佳方案中皆有較高的設置占比，平均設置面積占比26%，建議可將透水鋪面作為優先考慮設置的設施；入滲溝及植生溝兩種設施減洪量較少及且減碳能力較差，在所有最佳方案中平均設置面積占比為12%及13%，建議降低入滲溝及植生溝設置面積占比；滯洪池具有極佳的減洪能力，若以減洪量為目標考量可增加設置，但其具有極高的成本，若有預算限制則建議降低設置占比。

Under climate change, flood risks have increased due to inadequacy in existing infrastructures. In Taiwan, uneven seasonal rainfall patterns have worsen the situations. Small detention ponds and low-impact development (LID) facilities offer a solution but require proper deployments to save money and reduce flooding. Some facilities can be beneficial to carbon reduction when not in use for flood mitigation. This study evaluates nine facility types: Detention Pond, Bio-Retention Cell, Rain Garden, Green Roof, Infiltration Trench, Permeable Pavement, Small and Large Rain Barrels, and Vegetative Swale. Using NSGA-II for optimization and SWMM for simulation, two scenarios are analyzed: minimizing cost and runoff, and adding carbon emission reduction as a third objective. The most effective solutions from the pareto front are simulated using TELEMAC-2D. Results show that permeable pavement, being cost-effective and efficient in runoff and carbon reduction, should be prioritized. Infiltration trenches and vegetative swales, less effective in runoff and carbon reduction, should have reduced installation. Detention ponds, despite their high cost, are effective in flood mitigation but should be limited by budget constraints.

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