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研究生: 楊宗翰
Yang, Chung-Han
論文名稱: 非財務績效資訊與會計資訊之攸關價值:以航空業為例
The Value Relevance of Non-financial Performance Variables and Accounting Information: The Case of Airline Industry
指導教授: 王萬成
Wang, Wan-Cheng
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 會計學系
Department of Accountancy
論文出版年: 2006
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 81
中文關鍵詞: 準點率獲利指標可售座位公里載客率非財務資訊
外文關鍵詞: Non-financial information, Load factor, profitability index, Available ton miles, on-time rate
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  • 本研究主要探討航空業的非財務資訊與其獲利指標的關聯性,說明非財務資訊可以在做決策時的重要考量之一,提供管理階層、投資人及其他使用者除了財務資訊之外,也應該重視非財務資訊,以利於做出更正確的決策。
    研究期間自民國九十年至民國九十四年,三家國內航空的季資料為研究樣本,主要結論如下:
    1.載客率是提高航空業獲利的重要因素之一。
    2.準點率並沒有與獲利指標有明顯的關係存在。
    3.當可售座位公里數越多,公司的獲利能力越佳。
    4.飛機平均機齡越低,造成航班失事機率越低,建立優良品牌形象,獲利因而提升。
    5.飛機組員人數越多,代表公司開闢更多的航線,獲利能力亦提升。

    This study is examined the relationship between non-financial performance and accounting information in the airline industry. Non-financial information is also an important factor when making decision. Besides financial information, it reminds executives、investors and other users to notice non-financial information and then make better decisions.
    Samples of this study include 3 airline companies in Taiwan, from 2001 to 2005. The main results as follow:
    1.Load factor is an important factor to improve profitability.
    2.There is no significant relationship between on-time rate and profitability.
    3.The more available ton miles, the better profitability.
    4.It can take root an excellent trademark and raise profit, as the average year of airplanes decrease.
    5.The more flight crews, as the company establishes a new air route, the better profitability.

    摘 要 ------------------------------------------------------- Ⅰ 誌 謝 ------------------------------------------------------- Ⅲ 目 錄 ------------------------------------------------------- Ⅳ 表目錄 ------------------------------------------------------- Ⅵ 圖目錄 ------------------------------------------------------- Ⅶ 第一章 緒論 ------------------------------------------------ 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 ------------------------------------------ 1 1.2 研究目的 ------------------------------------------------ 1 1.3 研究架構 ------------------------------------------------ 2 第二章 航空產業發展分析 ------------------------------------ 4 2.1 產業經營特性 -------------------------------------------- 4 2.2 產業環境 ------------------------------------------------ 5 2.3 全球航空市場 -------------------------------------------- 8 2.4 台灣地區航空運輸現況 ------------------------------------ 11 2.5 航空業未來景氣研判 -------------------------------------- 16 第三章 文獻探討 -------------------------------------------- 21 3.1 非財務資訊與經營績效之關聯性 ----------------------------- 21 3.2 與航空業之相關研究 --------------------------------------- 42 第四章 研究設計 -------------------------------------------- 44 4.1 研究假說 ------------------------------------------------- 44 4.2 實證模型與變數定義 --------------------------------------- 47 4.3 資料分析方法 --------------------------------------------- 49 4.4 資料來源及樣本選取標準 ----------------------------------- 50 第五章 實證研究結果 ---------------------------------------- 51 5.1 基本統計檢定 --------------------------------------------- 51 5.2 航空業非財務資訊與獲利能力之關聯性 ----------------------- 54 5.3 敏感性分析 ----------------------------------------------- 63 第六章 研究結論與建議 -------------------------------------- 73 6.1 結論 ----------------------------------------------------- 73 6.2 研究限制 ------------------------------------------------- 74 6.3 研究建議 ------------------------------------------------- 75 參考文獻 ----------------------------------------------------- 77 表目錄 頁次 表 2-1:國籍空運業主要上市上櫃公司之營運概況 ----------------- 16 表 3-1:企業報導項目 ----------------------------------------- 32 表 3-2:企業價值衡量項目 ------------------------------------- 35 表 4-1:自變數預期影響方向 ----------------------------------- 48 表 5-1:敘述統計 --------------------------------------------- 52 表 5-2:Pearson 與Spearman相關係數 -------------------------- 53 表 5-3:迴歸方程式相關假設檢定結果 --------------------------- 53 表 5-4:載客率與四個獲利指標之簡單迴歸 ----------------------- 54 表 5-5:準點率與四個獲利指標之簡單迴歸 ----------------------- 55 表 5-6:可售座位公里數與四個獲利指標之簡單迴歸 --------------- 55 表 5-7:飛機平均機齡與四個獲利指標之簡單迴歸 ----------------- 56 表 5-8:飛機組員人數與四個獲利指標之簡單迴歸 ----------------- 57 表 5-9:資產報酬率與非財務資訊關聯性 ------------------------- 58 表 5-10:淨值報酬率與非財務資訊關聯性 ------------------------ 59 表 5-11:營業利益率與非財務資訊關聯性 ------------------------ 60 表 5-12:稅前淨利率與非財務資訊關聯性 ------------------------ 61 表 5-13:實證結果分析彙總表 ---------------------------------- 63 表 5-14:代理變數預期方向 ------------------------------------ 64 表 5-15:代理變數之敘述統計 ---------------------------------- 65 表 5-16:代理變數之相關係數 ---------------------------------- 66 表 5-17:載客率代理變數與四個獲利指標之簡單迴歸 -------------- 67 表 5-18:產能代理變數與四個獲利指標之簡單迴歸 ---------------- 68 表 5-19:資產報酬率與非財務資訊之代理變數之關聯性 ------------ 69 表 5-20:淨值報酬率與非財務資訊之代理變數之關聯性 ------------ 70 表 5-21:營業利益率與非財務資訊之代理變數之關聯性 ------------ 71 表 5-22:稅前淨利率與非財務資訊之代理變數之關聯性 ------------ 72 圖目錄 頁次 圖 1-1:論文架構---------------------------------------------- 3

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    【中文部分】
    1. 林長樞 (2000), 非財資訊對無線通訊產業股票價值意涵之研究 , 國立中正大學企業管理研究所碩士學位論文。
    2. 鄭章瑞 (2003), 亞太十五家國際航空公司績效之研究—以資料包絡分析法(DEA)分析, 東吳大學會計學系碩士論文。
    3. 姜嘉羚 (2002), 銀行服務品質非財資訊之價值攸關性, 國立中正大學會計研究所碩士論文。
    4. 黃姵蓉 (2001), 環保支出資訊價值攸關性之研究, 國立中正大學會計研究所碩士論文。
    5. 梁証揚 (2001), 人力支出與價值攸關性之研究, 國立中正大學 會計研究所碩士論文
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