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研究生: 周錫昌
Chow, Hsi-Chang
論文名稱: 應用於光塞取多工器之新型光切換器設計與製造
Design and Fabrication of A New Optical Switch for OADM
指導教授: 羅裕龍
Lo, Yu-Lung
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 機械工程學系碩士在職專班
Department of Mechanical Engineering (on the job class)
論文出版年: 2003
畢業學年度: 91
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 71
中文關鍵詞: 光信號塞取器光纖準直器布拉格光纖光柵光切換器
外文關鍵詞: Optical Switch, Collimator, OADM, FBG
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  •   本論文首先探討機械式光切換器的設計與應用,並利用步進馬達之驅動特性為基礎,發展出新型機械式光切換器架構。經由單模光纖、準直器(Collimator)及稜鏡組合的實驗操作,提出4 X 4光切換器的模型產品。同時探討各種致動器驅動模式的設計概念,並針對光纖對位在光切換器中的重要性提出理論說明。

      光信號塞取器的實驗系統中,我們結合布拉格光纖光柵(FBG)、光循環器(Circulator)及微機電光切換器架構成新型可回復式光信號塞取器(Reconfigurable OADM),將量測結果的實驗值與理論計算作比較,分析在取出端(Drop)不同波長的插入損失。研究中探討各種影響本實驗光學系統的因素,藉以改善新一代光信號塞取器的性能,作為未來高速寬頻網路發展的方向。

      In this study, first we develop an application of a new mechanical optical switch by using micro stepping motor which based on the operation principles of the novel tradition mechanical optical switch structure. We associate the 4 X 4 optical switch module with single-mode fiber, collimator and prism. We also study the design concepts of several kinds of actuators for the switch. Fiber to fiber coupling efficiency is also described in details.

      In the experimental setup of the optical add/drop multiplexer system (OADM). First, we combine the fiber Bragg grating (FBG), optical circulator, and MEMS switch for the novel reconfigurable OADM. Next, we compare the experimental measurement and theoretical results, then analyze several wavelengths for the insertion loss of the OADM’s drop port. Under the factors that affect our optical system, we can further improve the performance. By investigating of the new OADM , it could be applied in the future high-speed broadband networks.

    中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 致謝 III 目錄 Ⅳ 表目錄 VII 圖目錄 VIII 第一章 緒論   1.1 前言 1   1.2 研究動機 2   1.3 研究目的與方法 3   1.4 章節瀏覽 3 第二章 文獻回顧   2.1 光訊號塞取器的簡介 5     2.1.1 固定式波長光信號塞取器 5     2.1.2 可回復式波長光信號塞取器 6   2.2 光切換器的功能與種類 8   2.3光切換器的專利文獻 9     2.3.1 激磁線圈驅動 10     2.3.2繼電器(Relay)驅動 10     2.3.3電磁閥(solenoid)驅動 11     2.3.4步進馬達(stepping motor)驅動 11 第三章 理論分析   3.1 光切換器的重要參數 22   3.2 光纖準直器(fiber collimator)對位原理 23   3.3 FBGs的插入損失(Insertion loss)及微鏡片的反射損失(Reflection loss) 28 第四章 光切換器之設計及製作   4.1 設計概念 32   4.2 光切換器的製作流程 33   4.3 量測設備 35 第五章 光信號塞取器與光切換器的應用   5.1 光信號塞取器(OADM)的應用 43   5.2 系統架構及實驗步驟 44   5.3 實驗系統量測結果 46   5.4 結論 48 第六章 總結與建議   6.1 總結 59   6.2 建議 60   6.3 未來研究方向 60 參考文獻 62 附錄A 68 附錄B 69 附錄C 70 自述 71 表 目 錄 表2.1 光切換器的特性分類 ..9 表5.1 各元件的規格經計算後Drop端的插入損失 ..57 表5.2 系統連結後OSA所量測Drop端的插入損失 ..57 表5.3 OADM在各光切換器ON/OFF組合下,所量測Drop端的λ1、λ2、λ3反射波長的光功率 ..58 圖 目 錄 圖1.1 OADM的基本架構,其核心為多組2 x 2的光切換器所構成 ..4 圖2.1 單級Mach-Zehnder布拉格光纖光柵結構 ..13 圖2.2 第一種波長可選式OADM ..13 圖2.3 含光循環器及布拉格光柵的雙向光信號塞取器 ..14 圖2.4 以電磁線圈驅動光纖進行光切換 ..14 圖2.5 以繼電器為驅動進行1x2光切換 ..15 圖2.6(a) OFF狀態 ..15 圖2.6(b) ON狀態 ..15 圖2.7 1 x 6光切換器 ..16 圖2.8 1 x 2光切換器,Relay驅動mirror的ON – OFF狀態,進行光切換動作 ..17 圖2.9(a) 以繼電器為主的Prism驅動機構 ..18 圖2.9(b) 以繼電器為主的1xN光切換器 ..18 圖2.10(a) Prism與fiber成直角,不做光切換 ..19 圖2.10(b) 2 x 2光切換器,Solenoid驅動prism移動中間,做光路全反射切換 ..19 圖2.11 waveguide式,2 x 2光切換器 ..20 圖2.12 以步進馬達為驅動的1x N的光切換器 ..20 圖2.13 以步進馬達為驅動的1x N的光切換器 ..21 圖3.1 單模光纖準直器(single mode collimator)示意圖 ..30 圖3.2 一對單模光纖耦合效率的架構示意圖 ..30 圖3.3(a) FBG的傳輸插入損失 ..31 圖3.3(b) FBG的反射插入損失 ..31 圖3.4 微鏡片的反射插入損失 ..31 圖4.1 傳統的4x4光切換器 ..36 圖4.2 新型的4x4光切換器示意圖 ..36 圖4.3 新型的光切換器光路示意圖 ..37 圖4.4 新型的光切換器剖面圖 ..37 圖4.5(a) 光切換器基座的上蓋 ..38 圖4.5(b) 光切換器基座的底座 ..38 圖4.6 Collimator的夾治具固定在X-Y平台上 ..39 圖4.7 以步進馬達為驅動設計之實體4x4光切換器 ..39 圖4.8 新型光切換器之系統量測架構圖 ..40 圖4.9 光纖熔接機 ..41 圖4.10 HP7095光譜分析儀 ..41 圖4.11 白光ASE光源產生器 ..42 圖4.12 微步進馬達 ..42 圖5.1 使用FBG與Circulator的OADM架構示意圖 ..49 圖5.2 可塞取三個頻道的OADM單元 ..49 圖5.3 串連兩個OADM單元,可塞取六個頻道的OADM ..50 圖5.4 光切換器(OSW)OFF及ON示意圖 ..50 圖5.5 3  3可回復式OADM 的基本架構 ..51 圖5.6 可回復式光塞取多工器的原型系統 ..52 圖5.7 (a) 當OSW1為ON,OSW2、OSW3為OFF時,Drop端所測得λ2及λ3的光功率 ..53 圖5.7 (b) 當OSW2為ON,OSW1、OSW3為OFF時,Drop端所測得λ1及λ3的光功率 ..53 圖5.7 (c) 當OSW3為ON,OSW1、OSW2為OFF時,Drop端所測得λ1及λ2的光功率 ..54 圖5.7 (d) 當OSW1、OSW2為ON,OSW3為OFF時,Drop端所測得λ3的光功率 ..54 圖5.7 (e) 當OSW1、OSW3為ON,OSW2為OFF時,Drop端所測得λ2的光功率 ..55 圖5.7 (f) 當OSW2、OSW3為ON,OSW1為OFF時,Drop端所測得λ1的光功率 ..55 圖5.7 (g) 當OSW1、OSW2、OSW3皆為OFF時,OC1 Drop端所測得λ1、λ2、λ3的光功率 ..56 圖5.7 (h) 當OSW1、OSW2、OSW3皆為OFF時,OC 2 Output 端所測得λ1、λ2、λ3的光功率 ..56

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