全球受氣候變遷與極端氣候事件影響甚鉅，災害的規模、頻率與不確定性皆急遽上升，對環境與社會都帶來了極大的衝擊與風險。為減少災害造成的損失，如何應對並快速的進行調適是極為迫切的議題。然而，民眾通常認為災害預防和應對是政府的責任，導致他們採取被動的避難行為，降低了應對能力。因此，提高民眾自主防災行為成為重要課題，並需要深入了解其影響因素。除了外部環境資源、災害經驗、資訊獲取等因素外，個人心理及社會信任、社會依賴與認同等社會資本也會影響會民眾之應變行為。故本研究旨在從地方依附的角度探討個人的氣候變遷認知和風險意識對應變行為的影響，以提供更全面的應對策略之參考依據。
本研究以臺灣、馬來西亞、越南及蒙古四個國家之居民進行問卷調查，回收有效問卷共1372份，數據經統計分析得出成果並加以討論。以結構方程模式分析其行為結構，實證地方依附、氣候變遷認知、風險意識與應變行為之間皆呈顯著相關。並以多群組分析建立個體韌性分群模式，驗證個體韌性的高低對此模型具有調節效果。結果顯示，低個體韌性組其風險意識能顯著影響其應變行為，而高個體韌性組其風險意識對應變行為則不具影響效果。
研究顯示地方依附是加強應變行為之重要基礎，人們的地方依附除了會直接影響應變行為之外，亦會透過人們對於氣候變遷的認知與風險意識去影響應變行為，此外氣候變遷認知必須透過風險意識才能影響應變行為。因此建立更強的地方依附關係並強調民眾對於風險的認知並提升災害意識，尤其是針對個體韌性較低的群體，將能更有效的加強民眾面對災害時的應對行為，減少災害風險與損失，並更快速的從中復原。

The world is greatly affected by climate change and extreme weather events. The scale, frequency and uncertainty of disasters are all rising sharply, which has brought great impact and risks to the environment and society. In order to reduce the losses caused by disasters, how to respond and quickly adjust is an urgent issue. However, people generally believe that disaster prevention and response are the responsibility of the government, leading them to adopt passive evacuation behaviors and reduce their coping capacity. Therefore, improving people’s autonomous disaster prevention behavior has become an important topic, and it is necessary to deeply understand its influencing factors. In addition to factors such as environmental resources, disaster experience, and information acquisition, social capital such as personal psychology and social trust, social dependence, and identification will also affect the response behavior of the people. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of individual climate change awareness and risk awareness on response behavior from the perspective of place attachment, so as to provide a more comprehensive reference for coping strategies.
This study conducted a questionnaire survey on residents of Taiwan, Malaysia, Vietnam and Mongolia. The structural equation model was used to analyze their behavioral structure, and it was founded that there were significant correlation between place attachment, climate change awareness, risk awareness and disaster prevention behavior. And it was verified that the level of individual resilience has a moderating effect on this model. Therefore, establishing a stronger place attachment and emphasizing the the public’s awareness of risk and raising disaster awareness, especially for group with low individual resilience, will be able to more effectively strengthen the public’s coping behavior in the face of disasters and reduce disaster risks and losses, and recover from it more quickly.

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