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研究生: 劉宸仰
Liu, Chen-Yang
論文名稱: 整合影像特徵強化與物件偵測技術之隱形眼鏡包裝自動化檢測
Automated Contact Lens Packaging Inspection Integrating Image Feature Enhancement and Object Detection Techniques
指導教授: 劉任修
Liu, Ren-Shiou
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 工業與資訊管理學系
Department of Industrial and Information Management
論文出版年: 2026
畢業學年度: 114
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 89
中文關鍵詞: 隱形眼鏡包裝檢測YOLO影像處理異物瑕疵檢測
外文關鍵詞: Contact Lens Packaging Inspection, YOLO, Image Processing, Foreign Object and Defect Detection
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  • 隱形眼鏡包裝的完整性與潔淨度對於產品安全與使用者眼部健康具有重要影響。任何異物、毛屑、黑點或雜壓痕跡等瑕疵若未在出廠前檢出,皆可能導致使用者不適甚至引發眼部感染。現有的品質檢測主要依賴人工目視檢查,不僅效率低且容易受到檢測人員疲勞與主觀判斷影響,導致準確率下降。隨著深度學習與影像處理技術的進步,結合人工智慧的自動化檢測系統有望取代傳統人工檢測,提供高準確率與穩定性的品質管控方案。然而,針對隱形眼鏡包裝異物與瑕疵的專門檢測研究仍屬起步階段,技術尚未普及。
    本研究旨在建立一套基於深度學習的隱形眼鏡包裝異物與瑕疵檢測系統,利用 OpenCV 進行影像前處理,並採用 YOLO(You Only Look Once)系列之YOLOv8 及 YOLOv11 模型對瑕疵進行定位與分類,最終將樣品分為良品(合格)或不良品(不合格)。研究範圍涵蓋影像前處理與已標註樣品的模型訓練。本研究透過專門針對隱形眼鏡包裝特性所設計的影像前處理流程,排除背景與非檢測區域的干擾,使 YOLO 模型能聚焦於有效檢測區域內的瑕疵特徵,藉此提升模型的檢測效能。系統設定之檢測目標為不良品檢出率維持在 98% 以上、整體準確率達 95% 以上,並盡可能提高良品檢出率,以驗證本系統具備導入實際生產線的可行性,為隱形眼鏡製造過程的品質保證提供有效的解決方案。

    Contact lens packaging defects such as foreign objects, lint, and embossing marks pose risks to user ocular health, yet current inspection relies on error-prone manual examination. We propose a two-stage automated system: the first stage extracts an adaptive annular region of interest (ROI) via Otsu thresholding, RANSAC cir-cular fitting, and Canny edge detection; the second stage employs YOLOv8 and YOLOv11 for defect detection and binary classification. Experiments on 946 pack-aging images show that the preprocessed + YOLOv8 combination achieves 99.3% defective detection rate, 91.1% acceptable detection rate, and 95.9% overall accu-racy, meeting all industrial targets. Adaptive ROI outperforms fixed ROI (99.3% vs. 84.6%), and preprocessing reduces false positives by approximately 51%.

    摘要 i EXTENDED ABSTRACT ii 誌謝 xiv 目錄 xv 表目錄 xix 圖目錄 xx 1 緒論 1 1.1 背景及動機 2 1.2 研究目的 4 1.3 研究貢獻 5 1.4 論文架構 5 2 相關文獻探討 6 2.1 影像二值化技術 6 2.2 系統取樣策略 7 2.3 RANSAC 圓形擬合 8 2.4 最小平方法最佳化 9 2.5 高斯濾波 10 2.6 Canny 邊緣偵測 10 2.7 直方圖分析方法 11 2.8 影像遮罩與區域處理 12 2.9 YOLO 神經網路 12 2.9.1 YOLOv8 架構分析 13 2.9.2 YOLOv11 架構分析 14 2.9.3 YOLOv8 與YOLOv11之架構差異比較 15 2.10 本章小結 17 3 研究方法 19 3.1 方法選用依據 21 3.1.1 問題本質:幾何模型為已知,屬解析可解之問題 21 3.1.2 工程約束:產線部署之實際限制 22 3.1.3 技術現況:成熟穩定而非過時淘汰 23 3.2 影像前處理方法 23 3.2.1 影像輸入與灰階轉換 24 3.2.2 Otsu 二值化 24 3.2.3 形態學開運算 26 3.3 外圈偵測方法 27 3.3.1 輪廓擷取與篩選 28 3.3.2 RANSAC 圓形擬合 29 3.3.3 最小平方法最佳化 31 3.4 內圈偵測方法 33 3.4.1 高斯濾波 33 3.4.2 Canny 邊緣偵測 34 3.4.3 半徑直方圖分析 37 3.5 檢測區域擷取 38 3.6 YOLO 瑕疵偵測模型訓練 40 3.6.1 資料集建置 40 3.6.2 共通訓練配置 40 3.6.3 資料增強策略 42 3.6.4 推論流程設計 43 3.6.5 結果輸出 43 3.7 本章小結 44 4 實驗與分析 45 4.1 實驗流程 45 4.2 實驗資料集概述 46 4.3 實驗之模型概述 47 4.4 實驗環境與參數設定 47 4.4.1 信心分數門檻之設定 48 4.5 實驗評估指標 49 4.6 實驗結果與分析 51 4.6.1 實驗一:固定ROI 與自適應ROI 之比較分析 51 4.6.2 實驗二:原始影像與前處理影像之檢測效能比較 53 4.6.2.1 分析一:不良品檢出率之比較分析 53 4.6.2.2 分析二:良品檢出率與過檢案例探討 54 4.6.2.3 分析三:整體準確率之綜合比較 56 4.6.2.4 分析四:推論運算時間分析 57 5 結論與未來發展 60 5.1 結論 60 5.2 未來發展 61 參考文獻 63

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