自十九世紀工業革命以來，金屬鉛已廣泛地使用於工業產品中，為不可或缺的原料之一。然而，由於含鉛廢棄物及工業廢水的不當處置，含高濃度鉛之廢液因而排放到自然界眾多水域之中。鉛為具毒性的無機污染物之一，即使在地表水中的濃度低(即26–100 μg L-1)，仍對於生物體有非常大之危害。兒童體內中血液鉛的濃度一旦高於100 μg L-1，鉛之毒性即開始攻擊中樞神經系統，嚴重者則會影響心智功能的發展。因此，發展有效移除水體中鉛的技術為現今科學界關注之重要議題。本研究欲使用工業污泥所製成之銅鐵氧化物奈米顆粒，探討在不同酸鹼值、吸附時間、鉛之初使濃度及不同溶液基質下，水溶液鉛之移除效能；此外，本研究亦評估此合成材料是否可經由吸附–脫附的過程，將鉛自水體中富集、濃縮，並發展一全新鉛之純化技術。研究結果顯示，利用銅鐵氧磁體奈米顆粒進行鉛之吸附，在pH 4.5、溫度298 K下，其移除效率高達90%；其吸附過程皆符合擬二階動力吸附式及Langmuir等溫吸附模型，並由Langmuir吸附式可得在pH 4.5、溫度298 K下，鉛於銅鐵氧化物奈米顆粒之飽和吸附量為17.83 mg g-1。此外，由鉛之吸附量隨著溶液中離子強度增加而下降之情形推斷，鉛之吸附行為應屬外層錯合；並由模擬海水結果顯示，鉛之吸附量不隨溶液中陽離子競爭吸附效應而有顯著影響。在脫附實驗中，吾人使用濃度0.005 N硝酸為脫附試劑，得其平均脫附率約為75%；並由此材料之消化實驗，得鉛含量為0.314±0.003 mg g-1，因此推論在進行脫附實驗時，約有339.34±2.99 ng鉛由銅鐵氧化物奈米顆粒溶出。本研究使用工業汙泥製成之低成本材料，除了可同時處理、再生汙泥及廢水外，也可應用於鉛在自然界水體中之有效富集，為一具有前瞻性之技術。

Lead (Pb) has been used extensively for many industrial purposes since the 19th century industrial revolution. However, Pb pollution can be found in various aquatic systems due to improper management of Pb contained waste or waste water. Being one of the major toxic inorganic pollutants, Pb can pose serious threat to living creatures at rather low concentration of 26–100 μg L-1. Once the blood lead (PbB) level of children exceeds 100 μg L-1, the central nervous system would damage and the body function may exhibit anomalous. Therefore, development of Pb remediation for drinking waters is critical and required. In this study, copper ferrite nano–particles (CuFe2O4) manufactured from industrial sludge were employed to evaluate aqueous Pb adsorption–desorption under various pHs, duration, initial Pb concentrations and solution matrix. Furthermore, a prospective study will be evaluated for Pb pre–concentration through the adsorption and desorption procedure. Our results indicated that the function of pH in sorption capacity of CuFe2O4 nano–particles was insignificantly, and reached the value of up to 90% at pH of 4.5. The adsorption kinetics fit well with pseudo–second–order model which suggests that Pb adsorption is a fast kinetics. Furthermore, the sorption isotherm fits well with the Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb was estimated to be 17.83 mg per gram sorbent at pH of 4.5 and temperature of 298 K. On the other hand, the ionic strength and coexisting cation showed negligible effect on Pb adsorption under seawater–like matrix. In desorption experiments, 0.005N HNO3 was evaluated as the best condition for Pb desorption with recovery of 75% in average, which enables Pb recycled and regenerated. In addition, Pb contents in CuFe2O4 were estimated 0.314±0.003 mg g-1 by digestion, and we infer that approximately 339.34±2.99 ng of Pb contribute to solution during desorption process. Overall, the novel low–cost fabricated CuFe2O4 from industrial sludge waste can be applied effectively for Pb remediation in aqueous solutions, not only deal with the danger of sludge waste and waste water, but also be considered as a reusable and cost–effective technique. On the other hand, through adsorption–desorption process, it demonstrates a potential application in Pb enrichment through simple operation procedure of adsorption and desorption.

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