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研究生： 陳信甫
Chen, Shin-Fu
論文名稱： 銅奈米粒子的探討：硫醇吸附的影響與金銅合金奈米空球的製備
Studies of Copper nanoparticles: Influence of the Alkanethiols on Oxidized Copper Colloids and The Fabrication of the Hollow Spheres
指導教授： 葉晨聖
Yeh, chen-Sheng
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 理學院 - 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年： 2003
畢業學年度： 91
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 81
中文關鍵詞： 銅 、合金 、空球 、硫醇 、奈米
外文關鍵詞： copper, nanoparticles, hollow spheres
相關次數： 點閱：61  下載：7 
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    • 在本實驗主要是探討硫醇對氧化後的銅奈米粒子的影響。以X射線光電子光譜(XPS)分別鑑定銅奈米粒子、靜置數天的銅奈米粒子、與靜置數天後再添加硫醇的銅奈米溶液。其中我們發現靜置數天的銅奈米表面有氧化銅的生成，然而在靜置數天後再添加有硫醇的銅奈米溶液中，硫醇可以將表面的氧化銅還原成銅，並吸附於銅奈米表面而形成硫醇化物。藉由穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察，可以明顯發現因氧化後產生聚集的奈米粒子，因硫醇的加入後，再次分散。

    我們更利用基材涉入交換反應（Template-engaged replacement reactions），研發出新型的金銅合金奈米中空材料。本實驗以球型銅奈米粒子，利用金與銅氧化還原電位的不同，製備出合金中空型奈米粒子，藉由穿透式電子顯微鏡分析、電子繞射、高解析式X光粉末繞射分析，探討其性質與形成機制。中空型奈米空球中填充染料分子，藉由雷射共軛焦顯微鏡觀察其光學性質，可以明顯發現染料分子是有被填充於此中空球。所以可以利用中空型奈米粒子填充各種不同染料，發出各種不同波長的光。


    Alkanethiols were utilized to study their influence on the oxidized Cu colloids. The XPS measurements have been performed to characterize Cu identity in various stages, i.e. freshly prepared Cu, aged Cu, and aged Cu mixing with alkanethiols. The aged colloidal solutions resulted in CuO grown. The adsorption of alkanethiols on the oxidized copper reduced with the formation of the surface thiolates. Based on the TEM images, addition of alkanethiols produced the distinct change in the colloidal appearance from aggregation to dispersion.

    The uniform Au3Cu1 hollow nanoparticles were synthesized based on template engaged replacement reaction. On the basis of the transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, and high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction studies, we demonstrate a new method that was able to generate uniform and hollow nanostructures. The hollow alloy spheres with uniform composition were generated by reacting the Cu nanoparticles with an aqueous HAuCl4 solution. From the laser confocal images, we could find the encapsulation of the hollow spheres. It could be used as a vessel to control the desired luminescence by filling different dyes into the hollow spheres.

    中文摘要.........................................Ⅰ 英文摘要.........................................Ⅱ 表目錄...........................................Ⅲ 圖目錄...........................................Ⅳ 第一章 緒論.......................................1 1.1奈米科技與奈米材料.............................1 1.2奈米粒子的性質.................................4 1.2.1體積效應.....................................4 1.2.2量子限量化效應(Quantum Size Effect)..........4 1.2.3表面效應.....................................5 1.2.4奈米粒子的形狀...............................7 1.3奈米粒子製備方法..............................10 1.3.1化學方法(Chemical Method)...................10 1.3.2物理方法(Physical Method)...................14 1.4膠體粒子的穩定................................19 1.5光的吸收與散射理論............................27 1.6銅奈米粒子簡介................................28 1.7中空型奈米粒子簡介............................30 第二章 銅奈米粒子的探討：硫醇吸附的影響..........32 2.1研究動機與目的................................33 2.2實驗藥品與儀器................................33 2.2.1 藥品.......................................33 2.2.2 儀器.......................................34 2.3實驗步驟......................................36 2.3.1製備銅奈米粒子..............................36 2.3.2製備已氧化銅奈米粒子........................36 2.3.3直鏈烷基硫醇(n-alkanethiol)修飾銅奈米粒子...36 2.4結果與討論....................................37 2.4.1 UV-Vis分析.................................37 2.4.2 TEM分析....................................37 2.4.3 XPS分析....................................38 2.4.4 Proton-NMR分析.............................39 2.5結論..........................................40 第三章 銅奈米粒子的探討： 合金奈米粒子的製備及其應用.....................48 3.1研究動機與目的................................49 3.2實驗藥品與儀器................................49 3.2.1 藥品.......................................49 3.2.2 儀器.......................................50 3.3實驗步驟......................................52 3.3.1製備銅奈米粒子..............................52 3.3.2製備中空型奈米粒子..........................52 3.3.3中空型奈米粒子填充染料分子..................53 3.4結果與討論....................................54 3.4.1 UV-Vis分析.................................54 3.4.2 TEM分析....................................54 3.4.3 SEM分析....................................55 3.4.4區域電子繞射分析............................56 3.4.5 HR-XRD分析.................................57 3.4.6雷射共軛焦顯微鏡分析........................58 3.5結論..........................................60 參考文獻.........................................75

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