近岸水體包含多樣豐富的生態系統，具備漁業、經濟及遊憩價值，台灣四面環海，擁有利用海水資源的優勢，然而近幾十年來海洋環境的健康和生產能力都面臨重大威脅，其中一重要原因為緊鄰陸地，水體水質易受人為活動所影響。為有效保護海岸水質、生態系統與經濟遊憩發展，監測並管理水質是必需的。近岸水質狀況及其變化趨勢需要長時間且大範圍全面性地進行監測，而近岸水體利用傳統監測方式耗時且費力，資料在時空分布特性上會受到限制，其資料代表性必然不夠完整，如能用遙測方式加以觀測，並提升遙測影像品質，以獲取更為全面的近岸水質資訊。
本研究區域為台灣各縣市近岸海域，以內政部公告之海岸地區範圍為基準，利用NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Aqua衛星所搭載之MODIS (Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)感測器遙測影像進行台灣近岸水質分析，監測近岸葉綠素a (Chl-a)及懸浮固體物 (SS)濃度之時空分布特性。本研究首先運用2003至2013年MODIS Aqua遙測影像共約4,950幅影像，以Level 1A形式將資料彙整下載，修正其大氣校正方法以及選擇不同的演算法進行水質反算，並使用SeaDAS(SeaWiFS Data Analysis System)軟體以及搭配批次生產系統SeaBatch腳本，批次處理成Level 2含各水色產品之遙測影像，所得水質參數包含：葉綠素a(Chl-a)、總懸浮物質(TSM)、漫射衰減係數(Kd(490))、粒狀有機碳(POC)、粒狀無機碳(PIC)、遙測反射率Rrs(λ)、離水輻射強度nLw(λ)、各項IOP產品、有光層深度(Zeu)等。
經由影像再處理，調整NIR-SWIR大氣校正方法以及雲覆遮罩參數的取消，結果顯示近岸影像資料相比標準產品提升約10％，尤其是西部沿海岸地形較為破碎區域，且藉由多期影像組合，並改善組合手法後能得到更完整台灣近岸水質資訊。葉綠素演算法比較部分則藉由不同公式所演算葉綠素a濃度，選擇結果最接近環保署測值之OC3M演算法。
其次，利用已驗證之遙測水色影像，每年八天為單位組合後46幅，11年共506幅影像，針對葉綠素a及總懸浮固體物利用ArcGIS軟體對縣市海域範圍內水質參數進行時、空統計分析，並以水質分布盒鬚圖呈現。在空間分布方面，葉綠素a及懸浮固體物濃度為中部海域大於南部海域，再者是北部海域，水質情況最佳為東部海域。在時間趨勢方面，西岸海域在2007~2010年間葉綠素a濃度偏高，而在2011~2013年有下降趨勢，懸浮固體物濃度趨勢則相反，於2010~2013年有上升趨勢；東岸水質普遍清澈乾淨，整體葉綠素a濃度較西岸為低，不過卻在2011~2013年間有上升趨勢，與西岸在同期間整體水質變化呈現相反的情況，懸浮固體物則無此現象。
利用水色產品具有計算水質空間離散度之優勢，各海域範圍內所有水質資料統計計算所得標準差呈現東部海域水質分布較為均勻，北部新北、基隆、宜蘭也同樣標準差偏低，西岸由於受河川出海口高濁度的影響，及西部沿海工業區放流口影響所致，葉綠素a與懸浮固體物濃度呈現出較高的離散程度，水質分布是不平均的。
最後，本研究比較現有環保署測站與分區水色產品在時間趨勢、空間分佈、季節特徵之差異。現有環保署測站多選點在河口或重要排放口附近，且採樣頻率極低，無法代表各分區水質狀況，因此，測站與水色產品於時間趨勢上無顯著相關。測站值因位於河口及資料量低，使其年間變化波動大，不易看出分區水質變化趨勢；反之，由水色產品可明顯看出近年(2010-2013)東岸Chl-a有逐年上升趨勢，且在Chl-a影像上沒有顯示出測站值呈現之西岸Chl-a下降趨勢。此外，測站值呈現之季節性Chl-a分布也與水色影像完全不同，西岸測站因受河口沖刷及採樣頻率低影響使其濃度高值多發生在雨季，但由水色產品可看出其實西岸分區Chl-a濃度因受黑潮及臺灣海峽溫暖海水的影響，常在秋、冬季有較高的Chl-a濃度。本研究發現，在沒有水色產品的輔助下，使用現有的測站水質評估各縣市海岸區域管理範圍水質，最多僅能說明東岸水質較西岸好，無法進一步看出各分區水質變動年間與季節性趨勢。
本研究結果顯示，MODIS衛星遙測影像能有效運用於觀測台灣近岸海域之水質變化，雖然懸浮固體物濃度與實測值有落差，但卻呈現相同變化趨勢，其遙測推估濃度還是能作為水質指標參考用；葉綠素a更是能藉由時間上的資料優勢看出更細微的變動，因此遙測水色影像能反映台灣近岸在不同時間、季節所呈現之各水質參數濃度上的差異，以及做為長期監控水質變化之依據。

More effective monitoring and management is required for the protection of coastal water quality, its ecosystems and economic development. Because traditional monitoring of coastal waters methods are time-consuming and laborious, the information on the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics often becomes limited and quickly obsolete. Because of this, such monitoring methods bring inevitably incomplete data representation. Use of remote-sensing satellite data, which can provide ocean color, sea surface temperatures and sea surface salinity imaging products, is therefore an improved method for monitoring in order to obtain more comprehensive coastal water quality information. Using Aqua satellites (NASA), which are equipped with MODIS (Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) sensor for telemetry analysis, this study monitored for temporal and spatial distributions of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) and suspended solids (SS) concentrations along the coastal regions of Taiwan.
Approximately 5,000 MODIS Level 1A images from 2003 to 2013 were used. The images were then modified for atmospheric correction, and a select subset of most optimal algorithms were chosen. Finally, for each ocean color image, SeaBatch scripts were used to run batch processing with SeaDAS software to convert Level 1A products into Level 2 products.

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