電信是推動知識經濟不可或缺的重要產業，其經營效率的提昇不僅可提供價廉質美之服務，亦可透過產業關聯、促進產業知識經濟化進而帶動國家經濟成長，因此電信生產力、效率受哪些因素影響為重要的研究課題。電信為一高科技產業，必須仰賴大量知識投入，特別是在政府管制解除後，業者更須藉由知識資本累積創新潛力、誘導產出/投入品質的改善以及技術的進步來提昇經營效率。本研究即企圖探討電信產業生產力及效率的變化到底係來自知識的累積、創新誘導品質之改善，抑或來自管制之解除，或二者之混合影響。首先利用隨機邊界(SFA)法，並採用更為彈性化之translog生產函數之模式設定，進行中華電信1968-2002年整體固網電話及國際電話業務、1981-2002年市內電話及長途電話業務之技術變動、技術效率之衡量，其中並包含考量影響技術效率因子之模式，之後則進一步建構迴歸模型探討影響技術變動因子。

實證結果顯示：1）交換機數位化比例、線路光纖化比例以及國際直撥通話比例等技術因子對於整體與各固網電話業務之技術進步有顯著正面影響。2）員工教育程度的提升、研發及訓練設備投資比例增加以及年資有促使市內電話業務技術進步之效果；研發及訓練設備投資比例、研發人力比例則分別對長途電話業務、國際電話業務有顯著正面影響，顯示知識經濟在電信生產力提升中扮演著重要的角色。3)在解除管制政策方面，長途電話受到1997年行動電話業務開放的影響，其生產力成長率在1997年後明顯下降。4）在2000年實施價格上限管制後，中華電信以大幅調降國際電話費率作為因應2001年新固網業者加入競爭的策略，故國際電話生產力成長率在2000年後顯著下降。

Telecommunications is an important knowledge-based industry. The importance of its productivity and efficiency can not only provide better services but also promote the economic development through inter-industrial relationships. Therefore, the current performance of our telecommunication industry in terms of productivity and efficiency, as well as the underlying factors which influence the productivity and efficiency become urgent tasks needed to be carefully investigated. Telecommunications is a high-tech industry based on huge knowledge inputs, especially when facing the rising competition after its liberalization; operators must accumulate more knowledge capital to induce the quality improvement of outputs and inputs to promote operations efficiency. This study thus tries to investigate the role of knowledge-based economics and deregulation policies on the productivity and efficiency change in Taiwan telecommunication. We employ stochastic frontier analysis(SFA)and specify flexible translog production function to estimate the technical change and technical efficiency of Chunghwa Telecom’s(CHT)；1968-2002 fixed-network telephone and international telephone, local telephone(1981-2002) and toll telephone(1981-2002). The SFA models also take the factors which influence efficiency into account, and then construct regression models to analyze the factors that effect the technical change.
The empirical results show that: 1) The percentage of digital switch, optical fiber, international direct dial telephone has positive effects on the technical change of fixed-network telephones. 2）Enhance the degree of education, the investment of research and training equipment and working experience can promote the technical progress of the local telephone. Increase the investment of research and training equipment and the hire of research labors can enhance the technical change of the toll telephone and the international telephone respectively. 3)The deregulation policy in 1996 allowed the introduction of competition in the mobile telephone which caused the significant decrease of productivity in the toll telephone. 4) After performing the price-cap regulation in 2000, CHT adopted the preferential price strategy in international telephone in response to the deregulation of the fixed-network which also caused the decreased of productivity in international telephone.

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