禾本科植物是重要經濟作物，也是世界廣泛分布的雜草及各種生態中的重要成員。其中馬唐屬(Digitaria)在臺灣共有15個分類群，包含14種2變種。種類多分布又廣，是分類與鑑定上均很難的一個分類群。本研究進行馬唐屬物種成熟果收集和幼苗培育，藉由觀察穎果形態特徵以及幼苗葉部解剖特徵，建立詳細基本資料，作為系統分類之依據，並製作檢索系統供該屬禾草鑑定之輔助工具。結果顯示台灣產馬唐屬穎果形狀為橢圓-卵圓形，胚長均大於穎果長1/3，種臍為圓點狀，約占穎果長1/10~2/10；首片葉片葉形多變，長寬比多小於7，為平行地面或斜上生長；葉橫切特徵相似。以上ㄧ致性特徵可作為鑑定屬別或是更高分類群依據。台灣產馬唐屬物種在穎果大小，葉表皮特徵有較大差異。本篇應用DELTA系統建立各物種之特徵資料庫，再應用UPGMA及PCO進行歸群分析，發現本篇所使用特徵可大致區分各馬唐物種，並藉穎果及幼苗葉解剖特徵製作一可鑑定至種的台灣產馬唐屬檢索表。

Economically grasses are the most important plant family, in addition, they are the widely distributed group of vascular plants and have an extraordinary range of adaptation. In the grass family (Poaceae), the genus Digitaria are numerous and widely distributed in Taiwan. Fifteen taxa including fourteen species and two varieties are recognized, and are a difficult taxonomic group. The caryopsis morphology and seedling leaf anatomy of these taxa were studied by microscopy, and these data were entered as a DELTA database and then the cluster analysis was conducted by UPGMA and PCO. In general, the caryopsis are oblong-ovate, and the embryo are longer then 1/3 length of the caryopsis. Meanwhile, the punctuate hilium are 1/10~2/10 length of the caryopsis. There are some differences in the length of caryopsis and the ratios of length to width of the caryopsis. Their first leaves are horizontal or ascendant, and the shapes are various (oblong, oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate). The ratios of length to width of the first leaf are usually smaller than 7. The characters of leaf cross section are basically the same. However, there are some differences in the leaf lower epidermis especially the length of long cells, stomata, and macrohairs, etc. when measured.The results show the caryopsis morphology and seedling leaf anatomy characters are useful for species identification in the genus Digitaria in Taiwan. A key to species of the genus Digitaria in Taiwan is made based on the characteristics of caryopsis morphology and seedling leaf anatomy.

許建昌。1975。台灣常見植物圖鑑 第七卷：台灣的禾草。台灣省教育會。台北
徐玲明、郭長生、張世忠、蔣慕琰。2004。進口植物或其產品檢出之有害生物統計與圖鑑 雜草篇。行政院動植物防疫檢疫局
郭長生。1985。台灣產禾草葉部比較解剖 特別關注顆綠環特徵。國立台灣大學植物學研究所博士論文
韓建國、,H. T. Clifford、賈慎修、王培。1993。禾本科植物幼苗的聚類分析。植物分類學報 31(6): 517-532
陳守良、金岳杏、吳竹君。1993。禾本科葉片表皮微形態圖譜[M]。南京: 江蘇科學技術出版社
陳志輝、郭長生。2000。DELTA資料庫系統在分類學上之應用。中華林學季刊 33(4): 573-583
陳志輝、郭長生。2002。台灣產雀麥屬(禾本科)植物之數量分類學研究。特有生物研究4(2): 41-50
Avdulov, N. P. 1931. Kargo-systematios Untersuchgen der Familie Gramineen. Bull. Appl. Bot. Suppl. 44: 428
Brown, W. V., C. Heimsch and W. H. P. Emery. 1957. The organization of the grass shoot apex and systematics. Amer. Jour. Bot. 44: 590-595
Brown, W. V. 1958. Leaf anatomy in grass systematics. Bot. Gaz. 119: 170-178
Chen S. L. and S. M. Phillips. 2006. Flora of China 22: 539-547
Clayton, W. D. 1978. Gramineae In Flowering Plants of the World, ed. V. H. Heywood. NY: Mayflower
Clifford, H. T. and L. Watson. 1977. Identifying Grasses: data, methods and illustration. Univ. of Queensland Press. 146
Duval-Jouve, M. J. 1875. Histotaxie des Feuilles des Graminees. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. Ser. 6(1): 227-346
Giberson, R. T. and R. S. Demaree Jr. 2001. Microwave Techniques and Protocols: 181-189
Gower, J. C. 1971. A general coefficient of similarity and some of its properties. Biometrics 27: 857-871
Granitto, P. M., H. D. Navone, P. F. Verdes and H.A. Ceccatto. 2002. Weed seeds identification by machine vision. Comput. Electron. Agric. 33: 91–103
Henrard, J. T. 1950. Monograph of the genus Digitaria. Universitare Pers Leiden, Leiden
Kuwabara, Y. 1960. The first seedling leaf in grass systematics. Journ. Jap. Bot. 35: 139-145
Liu, H. Y. 2000. Flora of Taiwan V: 465-471
Metcalfe, C. R. 1960. Anatomy of the monocotyledons I. Gramineae. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 731p.
Pomar, J. and I. Hidalgo. 1998. An intelligent multimedia system for identificationof weed seedlings. Comput. Electron. Agric. 19: 249–264
Prat, H. 1936. La systematique des graminees. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 10(18):165-158
Reeder, J. R. 1957. The embryo in grass systematics. Amer. Jour. Bot. 44: 756-768
Rohlf, F. J. 1998. NTSYSpc: Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System. State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York
Row, H. C. and J. R. Reeder. 1957. Root hair development as evidence of relationships among genera of Gramineae. Amer. Jour. Bot. 44: 596-601
Scatena, V. L., A. M. Giulietti, E. L. Borba and C. van den Berg. 2005. Anatomy of Brazilian Eriocaulaceae: correlation with taxonomy and habitat using multivariate analysis. Plant Syst. Evol. 253: 1-22
Schwendener, S. 1890. Die Mestomscheidender Gramineenblatter. Sitzber. Akad. Berlin 1890: 405-426
Sylvester, A. W., V. Parker-Clark and G. A. Murray. 2001. Leaf shape and anatomy as indicators of phase change in the grasses: comparison of maize, rice, and bluegrass. Amer. Jour. Bot. 88(12): 2157-2167
Systematics Association Committee for Descriptive Terminology. 1962. Terminology of simple sysmmertrical plane shapes. Taxon 11(5): 145-156, 245-247
Tateoka, T. 1962. Starch grains of endosperm of grass systematics. Bot. Mag. Takyo 75: 377-383
Tennakoon, K. U., J. F. Bolin, L. J. Musselman and E. Maass. 2007. Structural attributes of the hypogeous holoparasite Hydnora triceps Drge & Meyer (Hydnoraceae). Amer. Jour. Bot. 94(9): 1439–1449
Veldkamp, J. F. 1973. A revision of Digitaria in Malesia。Blummea 21(1): 1-80
Webster, R. D. 1983. A revision of the genus Digitaria Haller (Paniceae: Poaceae) in Australia. Brunonia 6: 131-216
Willis, J. C. 1966. A Dictionary of the Flowering Plants and Ferns. 1214. Cambridge University Press.