每年台灣小於三十七週出生早產兒約佔新生兒人數的百分之八到九，母乳為早產兒量身訂做的最佳營養，但早產兒之吸吮能力未臻成熟，故早產兒母親需將母乳擠出以供給需求，此時能維持泌乳是日後達到成功母乳哺餵的重要關鍵。然而，早產兒居住於加護單位中，母親常感到壓力與負向情緒，且對於維持泌乳的資訊與支持有限，使母親在維持泌乳時面臨困難與挑戰。在關注早產兒的同時，其母親的需求與感受亦不容忽視。
　　本研究採用個案研究方法，目的為探討早產兒母親維持泌乳之經驗，進入田野場域中參與早產兒母親維持泌乳之歷程並進行多元資料收集，並採個案研究法之發展個案描述及建立解釋二種分析策略進行資料分析。本研究共發展五位個案之歷程描述，並彙整出跨個案經驗歷程之主題：「接納早產，堅定信念」、「按部就班，摸索適應」、「身心交疊，波折起伏」、「無怨無悔，殷殷企盼」與「互動回饋，尋取平衡」。由此研究可瞭解早產兒母親在維持泌乳歷程中所面臨的處境與感受，藉此提升臨床工作者之敏感度並增進同理心，提供情緒支持與營造親善的環境以協助早產兒母親有效因應泌乳過程之困境，且可以此作為日後研擬早產兒母乳哺餵教育計畫之依據，進而促進成功的母乳哺餵，以增進早產兒母嬰照護與家庭為中心之護理。

　　Of all the newborn babies in Taiwan each year, 8-9% of them are preterm babies. Due to the sensitive conditions of preterm babies, one of the key elements of the nursing process is to provide much needed nutrition to them. Human milk in this case is the best nutrition, which is why preterm mothers need to pump the milk and maintain lactation. However, having fragile preterm babies cared in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is stressful to these mothers, and could affect their decision to provide milk and delay the initiation of pumping. With limited information and support, preterm mothers confront many difficulties and challenges to the initiation and maintenance of lactation. It is utterly important to pay close attention to the mothers’ needs and feelings during the nursing process.
　　This study aimed to explore preterm mothers' experiences of maintaining lactation by the case study method. Under the observer-as-participant condition, the researcher played the role as a case manager and the data collector. The multiple dimensions data included the characteristic information, diary of milk collections, field observation notes, and the records of telephone interview, in-depth interview and home visit. Data analysis conducted by “developing a case description” and “explanation-building” method. After developed five case descriptions toward the process of lactation maintenance, five themes were derived among the cases experiences. These themes were named as “acceptance and affirmation”, “seeking and adaptation”, “emotional and physiological fluctuation”, “expectation and devotion” and “interaction and homeostasis”. In order to relieve or even solve the difficulties which the mothers encountered, health professionals should improve the care quality of maintaining lactation. This could be achieved by providing much emotional support to the mothers, establishing a friendlier environment. Therefore, appreciating the mothers’ efforts of lactation maintenance and being able to practice successful breastfeeding for preterm babies are expected. The study results would contribute on integrating resources and developing the education programs for mothers and healthcare professionals to advance the family-centered care for preterm babies.

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