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研究生：	李蕙庭 Lee, Hui-Ting
論文名稱：	音韻機率與鄰近密度對外語字彙學習之影響 Phonotactic Probability and Neighborhood Density in Foreign Language Word Learning
指導教授：	陳世威 Chen, Shih-Wei
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	文學院 - 外國語文學系 Department of Foreign Languages and Literature
論文出版年：	2015
畢業學年度：	104
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	81
中文關鍵詞：	音韻機率、鄰近密度、外語字彙學習、單字學習
外文關鍵詞：	Phonotactic probability, neighborhood density, EFL word learning
相關次數：	點閱：130 下載：6
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音韻機率是指個別音以及音與音之間不同組合所出現的頻率，鄰近密度則是指某一特定字及與其發音相似度高的字的數量 (Strokel et al., 2006)。本研究目的是探討音韻機率與鄰近密度對EFL大學生之英文單字學習的影響。三十位大學生根據科系被分為英語系與非英語系兩組，兩組受試者接受一樣的測試。實驗中，在音韻機率與鄰近密度上有不同變化的八個非真實字彙以及與這些字彙所搭配的八個物品被呈現在故事情境中，受試者藉由故事情境接觸這些非真實字彙，並且在故事之後進行「看圖片並唸出單字」的活動，來衡量他們的單字學習結果。結果顯示音韻機率以及鄰近密度對單字學習有不同方面的影響。整體來說，高音韻機率與高鄰近密度的字較有利於學習；在單字學習初階，低音韻機率的字較能啟發英語系學生學習，相反的高音韻機率的字則較能啟發非英語系學生學習；在單字學習後階，高音韻機率與高鄰近密度的字較有利於兩組學生記憶並連結腦中的先學知識。

Phonotactic probability refers to the frequency of occurrence of individual sounds and sound combinations; while neighborhood density refers to the number of words differing from the target word by a one phoneme substitution, addition, or deletion (Strokel et al., 2006). The purpose of this study was to differentiate effects of phonotactic probability and neighborhood density on EFL college students’ word learning. Thirty college students were divided into two groups according to their majors (i.e., English majors and Non-English majors). Both groups were exposed to eight nonwords varied in phonotactic probability and neighborhood density. The eight nonwords were paired with eight novel objects in a story context. A picture-naming task was given after 1, 4 and 7 exposures of the target words to measure learning. Findings suggest that phonotactic probability and neighborhood density affect word learning differently at different stages. In overall word learning, both English and Non-English majors showed high-probability and high-density advantage. In the early stage of word learning, both English and Non-English majors showed low-density advantage whereas English majors showed low-probability advantage while Non-English majors showed high-probability advantage. In the later stage of word learning, both English and Non-English majors showed high-probability and high-density advantage.

ABSTRACT (CHINESE).......i
ABSTRACT (ENGLISH).......ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.........iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS........iv
LIST OF TABLES...........vi
LIST OF FIGURES..........vii
Chapter One Introduction..............1
1 Research Background...............1
2 Purpose of the Present Study......2
3 Significance of the Study.........4
4 Definitions of Terms..............5
4.1 Phonotactic Probability.........5
4.2 Neighborhood Density............5
Chapter Two Literature Review.........7
1 Word Learning Process.............7
2 Effects of Phonotactic Probability and Neighbor Density on Child Word Learning................8
3 Effects of Phonotactic Probability and Neighbor Density on Adult Word Learning................13
Chapter Three Methodology.............16
1 Participants......................16
2 Materials.........................16
2.1 Nonwords........................16
2.2 Novel Objects...................18
2.3 Story Exposure..................20
3 Measure of Learning...............22
4 Procedure.........................22
5 Data analysis.....................23
Chapter Four Results..................25
1 Partially Correct and Completely Correct Responses...25
1.1 English Majors..................25
1.2 Non-English Majors..............26
2 Partially Correct Responses.......28
2.1 English Majors..................28
2.2 Non-English Majors..............30
3 Completely Correct Responses......31
3.1 English Majors..................32
3.2 Non-English Majors..............33
Chapter Five Discussions and Conclusions..36
1 Phonotactic Probability and Neighborhood Density in EFL adult word learning...................36
1.1 Overall Word Learning...........36
1.2 Early Stage of Word Learning....44
1.3 Later Stage of Word Learning....53
2 Comparison between L1 and L2 context..62
3 Summary of the Present Study......68
4 Implications of the Present Study.....69
5 Limitations and Suggestions.......71
References............................73
Appendix A............................78

                                    

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