雷暴系統一直是飛航安全所重視的天氣現象，然而台灣地區雷暴好發於午後熱對流發展之時段，此類午後對流個案發生時間短，且發生地區相當局部性，對預報人員為相當大挑戰。雷暴豪大雨發生前，雲中閃電(IC)次數經常出現躍升現象，本文使用臺灣全方位閃電網雷電偵測網之資料，嘗試分析IC躍升與嘉義地區雷暴相關性。結果顯示嘉義機場附近區域在午後對流發生時，雲中閃電(IC)與雲對地閃電(CG)比例為10.98：1。IC發生頻率高，可做為嘉義機場午後對流系統之預警指標。2018年閃電資料顯示CG發生發生前，IC均有有突增情形，可作為CG預報前兆。IC在2018年嘉義機場附近分布顯示，IC發生區域以機場東側為主，惟8月在嘉義機場西南面有一好發區域，此為海風形成的西南風遇到嘉義東側山脈而利於對流發展，顯示地形對對流發生有顯著貢獻。嘉義機場午後對流個案以7月最高，8月次之，其後依序為6月、9月、5月及4月。本文使用中央氣象局、美國國家大氣與海洋總署（National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration，簡稱NOAA）網格點資料分析2018年台灣嘉義雷暴發生月份之大尺度環境，2018年7月綜觀環境分析顯示太平洋高壓北抬，臺灣南側海面伴隨顯西南氣流，但仍受限於太平洋高壓勢力，臺灣地區風速弱，局部環流與地形關係仍是決定午後對流發展關鍵因子。氣象數值模式WRF(WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING MODEL)進行雷暴模擬分析，模式模擬結果顯示，無論7月21日西北風或7月24日西南風造成對流效應，都反映地形因素，當西南風或西北風遇到嘉義東邊山區時，因地形舉升氣流而造成對流降雨，驗證嘉義地形對雷暴形成與發展有重要角色。

The thunderstorm system is the most severe weather phenomenon relating to aviation safety. However, the thunderstorm system intends to happen in the afternoon. This type of convective case in the afternoon takes a short time of occurred and at local region. Therefore, predicting the correct time and location of a thunderstorm is a challenge . Before the appearance of heavy rainfall by thunderstorm, the number of lightning in cloud (IC) often rises. This reasearc uses the data from Taiwan's all-round lightning network lightning detection network to try to analyze the correlation between IC jumps and thunderstorms in Chiayi. These results indicate that the proportion of lightening In Cloud (IC) and Cloud to Ground (CG) is 10.98: 1 in region of Chia-Yi airport. IC has a high frequency of occurrence and can be used as an early warning indicator for the convection system at Chiayi Airport in the afternoon. Lightning data in 2018 showed that there was a sudden increase in IC before the occurrence of CG, which can be used as a precursor to CG forecast. The distribution of ICs near Chiayi Airport in 2018 showed that IC occurred mainly on the east side of the airport. However, there was a good occurrence area in the southwest of Chiayi Airport in August. This is because the southwest wind formed by the sea breeze meets the mountains on the east side of Chiayi and is beneficial to convective development. Showing that the terrain has a significant contribution to the occurrence of convection. The results indicate that in 2018 year the highest effect of afternoon convective system occurred over Chia-Yi Airport are in July, then August, follows by June, September, May and April. This article uses grid data from the Central Meteorological Administration and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to analyze the large-scale environment in the month of thunderstorms in Chiayi, Taiwan in 2018. In 2018 July, the high pressure in Pacific Ocean turned northbound and the southwesterly flow impacted the sea surface in southern Taiwan. However, due to the effect of high pressure over Pacific Ocean and the weak wind speed in Taiwan area. The key factors to the development of afternoon convection are local circulation and terrain effect. The meteorological numerical model WRF (Weather Research and Forcasting Model：WRF) conducts thunderstorm simulation analysis. The model simulation results show that no matter the convection effect caused by the northwest wind on July 21 or the southwest wind on July 24, it reflects the topographical factors. When encountering the mountainous area in the east of Chiayi, convective rainfall caused by topographical updrafts proved that Chiayi's topography plays an important role in the formation and development of thunderstorms.

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