微流體實驗室晶片(Lab on a chip)的主要應用為生醫檢測或混合器(mixer)等，其中微流體晶片運用在生醫檢測的最主要的目的是將傳統複雜的檢測步驟給簡化，並透過微流道與電極的設計使檢體在晶片內混合、反應而最終即可得到所需的結果。大部分微流體的驅動均需額外輸入能量，如針筒式幫浦(Syringe pump)等等。本文實驗所使用皆為不需額外輸入能量之毛細驅動晶片，利用材料親水的特性產生之毛細力，讓流體在微流道中達到自驅動。本研究將微流體晶片應用於血液凝固時間的量測並做探討，在本文的微流體晶片製作上，使用玻璃當作基材，因為玻璃有良好的親水特性將可得到長時效毛細驅動晶片。晶片電極的設計則採用上下電極並與微流道整合成電容式(Capacitive)微流體晶片。優點在於樣本不須與電極直接接觸，其量測原理利用微流體在晶片內流動使晶片的電容值隨流體的流動而產生變化，並搭配使用HP 4194A阻抗分析儀與LabVIEW介面來觀測電容變化，並再使用MATLAB做訊號處理判斷出血液凝固的時間。
由實驗結果得知使用長時效毛細晶片所量測的全血凝固時間約為8分36秒~9分28秒，此時間符合內路徑到共同路徑所需的5-12分鐘。之後加入高嶺土量測血液凝固時間得到的結果明顯的縮短，由於高嶺土有加速凝血內路徑反應的作用，所以此現象非常合理。最後則加入肝素量測，因為肝素會阻止血液凝固反應，而量測的血液凝固時間也延長數倍之久。這些結果驗證毛細力晶片量測血液凝固時間是可行的。而使用電容式毛細晶片所量測全血凝固時間約9分5秒，加入高嶺土之後也有縮短凝固時間的趨勢。這些結果都符合血液凝固的特性。實驗中驗證了藉著電容訊號可以清楚判斷每個階段反應所造成的訊號變化，證明了電容式晶片量測血液凝固時間的可行性，最後若能將此電容晶片整合其它應用則將可使此晶片有更好的發展。

The major application for microfluidic Lab on a chip has been focused on the biomedical test and fluid mixing. It aimed to simplify the traditional complicated fabrication and test procedures on the Lab on a chip, and design the microchannels together with electrodes so as to make the chip work on the fluid mixing, reactions and obtaining the results. Most microfluidic flow requires external pump for fluid transportation e.g., syringe pump. This thesis focuses on the capillary-driven chip which does not need any external power to push the flow. In addition, we adopt the hydrophilicity of the material in making the chip in order to get the self-driven mechanism of flow in microchannels. We study on the coagulation time of blood in the chip. In this thesis, we also propose the fabrication procedures of chip by using glass as the substrate. Glass materials play an important role in possessing good property of hydrophilicity and making a long-term self-driven capillary chip. The electrodes are placed on top and bottom of glasses and integrated in a capacitive microfluidic chip. The advantages of the capacitive chip are to measure the variations of capacitance against the flows in the channels and avoid the contact of samples with the electrodes. Using HP 4194A and LabVIEW are able to observe the variations of capacitances, and with the aid of Matlab, we can perform the signal process method to calculate the coagulation time of blood in the chip.
From the results, we obtain the coagulation time of whole blood in the capillary chip to be around 8’ 36” ~ 9’ 28”, which is in accordance with the results of 5-12 mins from intrinsic pathway to common pathway. We also perform the experiment by adding kaolin in the blood samples in order to measure the coagulation time. The result shows the coagulation time has been significantly shortened up. This is because kaolin will speed up the reaction mechanism of coagulation intrinsic pathway. Such a phenomenon has been well-known in the literature. For the purpose of comparisons, we measure the coagulation time by adding heparin in the blood samples. The final coagulation time has been reached to show that it is feasible to use the capillary chip in measuring the coagulation of blood in the chip.The whole blood coagulation time has been reported to be 9’ 05” by using our capacitive capillary chip. Moreover, the addition of kaolin also shows the significant blood coagulation time in the chip. Our experiments show the characteristic of blood coagulation in the capacitive capillary chip. By analyzing the signals of capacity, we are able to judge the reaction of blood in the channels on every time point. It not only shows the feasibility of the capacitive capillary chip in measuring the coagulation time but also the potentials in a wide application to the biomedicine.

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