幼兒與兒童早期的氣質具一致性(homotypic)及異質性(heterotypic)，是否能用兒童行為量表(Children’s Behavior Questionnaire; CBQ)去測量幼兒期時連續的氣質特性? 從一個向下(downward)的觀點，本研究使用CBQ當作一個測量工具運用在幼兒期1.5歲至3歲的幼兒，並利用驗證性因素分析來檢驗用CBQ極短版去測量幼兒期的可行性；其中，由於須將此問卷運用於幼兒，剔除超過8%父母填答不適用選項的題目。一歲半歲至三歲的母親被招募，所得之409份資料進一步用含題目包裹(item parceling)驗證性因素分析(CFA)統計方法處理後，發展出由23題4因素組成的幼兒極短版之CBQ問卷，CFA結果顯示，問卷是由外向性-過動、外向性-害羞、負向情感、努力控制等四因素構成。如同預期的，結果支持氣質是可能一種向下的觀點探討，也支持在大因素氣質的連續性以及使用CBQ於幼兒期的可行性。

The continuity of temperament is both homotypic and heterotypic during toddlerhood, and early childhood. Whether can we use the children’s behaviors questionnaire (CBQ) to measure temperament in toddlerhood and get the continuity of temperamental characteristics? From a “downward” perspective, we utilize CBQ as a measurement and apply this questionnaire to 1.5-to 3-year-old toddlers. This study aims to use confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test whether it is suitable to develop an appropriate very short form of CBQ that measures toddler’s temperament. Adapted from a very short form of the Children’s Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ), a well-established report on temperament, provided by the caregiver. With a goal to use this questionnaire to toddlers, we cancel some items which parents replied “does not apply” over 8%. Mothers of 1.5-to 3-year-old toddlers were recruited in our study. Using data from 409 parents and the technique of CFA, we developed a very short (23 items, 4 broad factors) form – “a very short form of the Children’s Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) for toddler”. Item parceling was applied in CFA. CFA shows that the data fits well into a four factor model when taking minor factors into account. The 4 factors include Surgency-hyperactivity, Surgency-shy, Negative Affect, and Effortful Control. As we expected, our study provides a pragmatic instrument, which is useful for toddlers to measure the homotypic and heterotypic continuity of temperament during toddlerhood and early childhood, contributing to the continuity between temperament superconstructs.

王珮玲(2004)。家長知覺氣質發展的穩定和變化：六歲至十歲兒童追蹤研究。台北市立師範學院學報，35(2)，61-84。
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