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研究生: 林芷萍
Lin, Chih-Ping
論文名稱: 雙原子鈉分子7~91Pg電子能態之雷射光譜研究
Laser spectroscopy of the Na2 7~91Pg States
指導教授: 黃守仁
Whang, Thou-Jen
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年: 2002
畢業學年度: 90
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 87
中文關鍵詞: 雷射光譜雷德堡態鈉分子
外文關鍵詞: Na2, Rydberg state, Laser spectroscopy
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  • 利用雙光子共振螢光減量光譜法 ( Optical–Optical Double Resonance Fluorescence Depletion Spectroscopy;OODR-FDS ) 來研究雙原子鈉分子7-91Pg高能位電子態。實驗中使用兩步驟雙光子共振激發方式,以B1Pu電子態的振轉能級為中間態,其躍遷方程式如下:
    B1Pu ( v’, J’ ) ß X1S+g ( v’’, J’’ ) + hn1
    71Pg ( v, J ) ß B1Pu ( v’, J’ ) + hn2
    第一道雷射將鈉分子從X1S+g 能態先激發至B1Pu能態,第二道雷射則再將鈉分子激發至71Pg能態。而偵測方法則是偵測從B1Pu能態,躍遷至X1S+g 能態螢光減量的訊號。81Pg、91Pg的激發及偵測方式和71Pg相同。
    偵測方法:
    B1Pu ( v’, J’ ) ® X1S+g ( v ”, J” ) + hn3 ( Fluo. )
    實驗偵測能量範圍為38100~39700 cm-1,共觀察到71Pg電子態100個振轉能級,其中包含了11個振動能級( v=13~23 );81Pg電子態90個振轉能級,包含13個振動能級( v=7~19 ) ;而91Pg電子態則有40個振轉能級,包含8個振動能級( v=8~15 )。利用非線性擬合程式計算得7-91Pg能態分子常數,並建立其位能曲線。

    The Na2 7-91Pg high-lying electronic states have been observed by a pulsed optical-optical double resonance fluorescence depletion spectroscopic technique. In our experiments, we applied the stepwise OODR excitation and several rovibrational levels of the B1Pu electronic states have been used as the intermediate. The transitions can be described as the following processes.
    B1Pu ( v’, J’ ) ß X1S+g ( v’’, J’’ ) + hn1
    71Pg ( v, J ) ß B1Pu ( v’, J’ ) + hn2
    The first dye laser beam excites Na2 molecules from the X1S+g state to the B1Pu, and then the second dye laser beam further excites molecules to the higher excited state 71Pg ( v, J ). The OODR spectra of the Na2 71Pg state have been observed by monitoring the fluorescence depletion of the B1Pu to the X1S+g state. The excitation and detection methods of 81Pg and 91Pg are the same with 71Pg state.
    The detection method of this experiment:
    B1Pu ( v’, J’ ) ® X1S+g ( v ”, J” ) + hn3 ( Fluo. )
    In the energy region 38100~39700 cm-1, We have observed 100 rovibrational levels of 71Pg state, 90 rovibrational levels of 81Pg state, and 40 rovibrational levels of 91Pg state. They are assigned to the 71Pg v=13-23 levels, the 81Pg v=13-23 levels, and the v=8-15 vibrational levels of the 91Pg state. A set of Dunham-type coefficients and Rydberg-Klein-Rees (RKR) potential energy curves for the 7-91Pg states are determined from spectroscopic data.

    目 錄 中文摘要……………………………………………………………… Ⅰ 英文摘要……………………………………………………………… Ⅱ 目錄…………………………………………………………………… Ⅲ 表目錄………………………………………………………………… Ⅵ 圖目錄………………………………………………………………… Ⅶ 第一章 緒論………………………………………………………….. 1 1-1 有關雙原子鈉分子1Pg電子態的光譜研究………………… 1 1-2 雙原子鈉分子71Pg、81Pg、91Pg電子態的研究動機……… 4 1-3 雙光子共振光譜技術簡述………………………………….. 4 第二章 理論………………………………………………………….. 8 2-1 雙原子分子能量…………….……………………………….. 8 2-2 雙原子分子電子光譜和躍遷選擇律……….…………….…. 14 2-3 法蘭克-康登原理………………………………………….…. 15 2-4 哈諾-倫敦等式……………………………………………….. 16 第三章 實驗………………………………………………………….. 17 3-1實驗裝置與儀器……………………………….…………...… 17 3-1-1雷射系統…………………………………………….. 17 3-1-2 熱管爐系統………………………………………….. 19 3-1-3偵測系統…………………………………………….. 21 3-1-4 訊號資料處理……………………………………….. 21 3-1-5 頻率校正部分………………………………………. 22 3-2實驗方法及步驟…..………………………………………… 22 3-2-1實驗方法…………………………………………...... 22 3-2-2實驗步驟…………………………………………...... 23 第四章 討論與結果…...……………………………………………... 27 4-1實驗技巧的討論……………….…………………………….. 27 4-2中間態的選擇………………………………………………… 28 4-3實驗結果……………………….…………………………….. 34 4-3-1高能位電子態71Pg訊號的確認……………………. 34 4-3-2鈉分子81Pg、91Pg電子態訊號.……………………. 38 4-3-3確認絕對振動量子數.v值的實驗及探討…………… 56 4-3由實驗值來建立位能曲線…….……………………………... 58 4-3-1擬合分子常數………………………………………... 58 4-3-2建立位能曲線.……………………………………….. 65 4-3-3法蘭克-康登因子的計算…….………………………. 65 4-4待完成的實驗…….……………………………………..….… 65 第五章 結論…...……………………………………………………... 73 參考文獻……………………………………………………………… 74 附錄…………………………………………………………………… 78

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