臺灣現行國家坐標系統為一九九七臺灣大地基準(Taiwan Geodetic Datum 1997, TWD97)，由於臺灣位於歐亞板塊與菲律賓海板塊之交界，地殼運動、斷層活動和地震事件頻繁，使得點位坐標隨時間變動，至今已陸續發布三個版本，分別為TWD97、TWD97[2010]與TWD97[2020]，以維持法定坐標系統之可用性。然而，TWD97屬於靜態框架，無法真實反應點位在地表上之實際坐標，且頻繁更新坐標系統易造成測量業務使用上之不便。本研究利用內政部國土測繪中心提供2020至2025年之每日解坐標成果，進行時間序列分析與坐標函數擬合，使用兩種方法建立地殼變動模型，應用於臺灣時變參考框架(Taiwan Terrestrial Reference Frame, TTRF)，並利用179個測試站進行六個時刻下之TWD97[2020]與TTRF坐標轉換。在TTRF轉TWD97[2020]之轉換誤差成果顯示，發生規模大於6.0之地震前，兩個方法之RMS值於E、N方向在1公分內，U方向約在1.6公分內，而在規模大於6.0之地震後，RMS值皆增加，至2025年12月31日時，方法一在E、N、U方向之RMS約為1.3公分、1公分及3.1公分，方法二約為1.8公分、1.3公分、3公分。而在TWD97[2020]轉TTRF之轉換誤差成果顯示，發生規模大於6.0之地震前，兩個方法之RMS值於E、N方向在7毫米內，U方向約在1公分內；而在地震後，RMS值明顯增加，至2025年12月31日，方法一在E、N、U方向之RMS約為1.3公分、1公分及2.3公分，方法二約為1.8公分、1.1公分、2.3公分。由坐標轉換成果顯示，坐標轉換誤差皆在公分級，RMS值在3.1公分內。為了驗證地殼變動模型於實務上之適用性，本研究選用2024年LiDAR及2025年LiDAR已知控制點檢測之24小時觀測資料，根據衛星定位測量方法實施一等基本控制測量之精度規範，若使用TWD97[2020]大地基準，前者有82.1%而後者有90%測站無法通過規範而被剔除；而使用TTRF框架進行檢測，兩個案例皆僅有3%測站未通過規範，顯示雙框架策略能有效應用於大範圍之基本控制測量。

Taiwan Geodetic Datum 1997 (TWD97) is the national geodetic reference frame of Taiwan. Since Taiwan is located at the boundary between the Eurasian Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate, where complex crustal deformation and earthquakes cause continuous coordinate changes of geodetic control points. To maintain the usability of the national geodetic datum, Taiwan has released several versions, including TWD97, TWD97[2010], and TWD97[2020]. However, TWD97 is a static datum which fixed at a specific reference epoch and frequent update the datum has resulted in reduced stability for the surveying and mapping industry and land administration agencies. To address this problem, this study establishes crustal deformation model and applied on the Taiwan Terrestrial Reference Frame (TTRF). Two crustal deformation modeling methods are proposed in this study. Method 1 is based on velocity models and coseismic displacement models, while Method 2 is based on a displacement model. In addition, 179 test stations are used to perform coordinate transformation between TWD97[2020] and TTRF at six different epoch. For the transformation from TTRF to TWD97[2020], the results show that before earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 6.0 occurred, the RMS values of both methods were within 1 cm in the E and N directions and within about 1.6 cm in the U direction. At the end of 2025, the RMS values of Method 1 in the E, N, and U directions were about 1.3 cm, 1 cm, and 3.1 cm, respectively, while those of Method 2 were about 1.8 cm, 1.3 cm, and 3 cm, respectively. For the transformation from TWD97[2020] to TTRF, the results show that before earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 6.0 occurred, the RMS values of both methods were within 7 mm in the E and N directions and within about 1 cm in the U direction. At the end of 2025, the RMS values of Method 1 in the E, N, and U directions were about 1.3 cm, 1 cm, and 2.3 cm, respectively, while those of Method 2 were about 1.8 cm, 1.1 cm, and 2.3 cm, respectively. In addition, LiDAR control survey data from 2024 and 2025 are used for case studies. The results show that when TWD97[2020] coordinates are used for known control point, most stations fail to meet the criteria. On the other hand, using TTRF coordinates, only about 3% stations fail to meet the criteria. This indicates that the crustal deformation model can effectively reduce coordinate differences caused by different observation times and is feasible for practical control surveying.

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