在競爭激烈的供應鏈環境裡，彈性與速度已成為企業生存之重要關鍵因素，面臨的挑戰包括少量客製化的需求逐漸高漲、需求服務的前置時間與產品生命週期的不斷縮短。近年來資訊科技與網際網路的快速發展及廣泛應用，使企業透過電子化可有效進行資訊交換，甚至進行協同機制以加深組織內與組織間資訊交換的深度，而透過協同管理可使企業在互信基礎上，與其他企業分享資源和資訊，重新整合流程設計與管理，以達到虛擬企業之運作，有效強化企業間整合深度與提升競爭力。
回顧企業電子化與組織績效之相關研究，許多研究著墨於以企業層次的輸出結果來衡量企業電子化、組織協同與績效之關係。相較於此，流程觀點是以流程層次來衡量相關之議題，是一種更微觀層次與多構面的觀點。有鑑於現今企業對企業電子化與協同管理的日漸重視，本研究將透過我國製造業參與經濟部工業局「企業電子化評量制度」之評量內容，以供應鏈運作參考模型分析企業各項作業流程，並結合流程觀點探討企業電子化對於組織內、外部之協同機制及組織績效的影響，並運用結構方程模式探討三者間之關連性及影響性。
研究結果發現，企業電子化在組織進行協同機制中扮演一相當重要的角色，其電子化提供組織內外部進行有效及快速的協同機制，且組織透過協同管理拉近與合作夥伴的關係，幫助企業大幅提昇其相關績效。不同於以往過去電子化相關之研究，本研究以流程觀點探討電子化與績效之關聯性當中，發現企業電子化與組織績效之間，具有組織協同之中介效果，即為企業在協同的情境下，電子化的導入須與組織協同機制相互配合與結合，才可能發揮預期之效益，有效地影響與提升組織績效。而本研究結果可協助企業之策略參考，藉由導入資訊科技，提昇流程的電子化程度以利深化組織內外部協同管理流程，進而提升改善經營績效。

In the highly competitive supply chain environment, flexibility and speed have become the critical factor for the survival of firms. The challenge the enterprises face include demand for less customization, and decrease in the lead time of service demand as well as product life cycle. Recently, information technology and internet have been widely utilized. Enterprises could then share information effectively, or even initiate organizational collaboration to enable information sharing to be carried out more in depth within the organization and between organizations. Meanwhile, collaboration management could be used by enterprises to share resources and information with one another upon trust for virtual enterprises to operate successfully and allow information to be interchanged smoothly to increase competitiveness.
Many existing studies have focus on the exploration of relationship among e-business, organizational collaboration and performance upon enterprises level. On the other hand, process perspective is an issue based on process level which provides a micro and multi- dimensional view. Previous researches show that e-business and collaboration are believed to be increasly important. Therefore, this research would utilize assessment result of e-BASE from Industrial development bureau, ministry of economic affairs, considering SCOR and utilize SEM to explore the relationship and influence of e-business on collaboration between organizations as well as the performance of organization.
Results of this research have shown that e-business plays an extremely important role in providing effective and efficient organizational collaboration within organization as well as among enterprises. Besides, organizations carry out collaboration management to improve the relationship among collaborative partners to increase business performance to a great extent. Unlike previous researches, this research focuses on exploring the relationship between e-business and business performance from “process perspective”. Results have shown that organizational collaboration has mediation effect on the relationship between e-business and organizational performance, i.e. under the scenario of collaboration, the adoption of e-business needs to work in parallel with organizational collaboration if expected outcome is to be obtained. Findings of this research could be a reference for enterprises to enhance business performance.

中文部份：
1. 呂執中. (2003). 電子化策略與經營模式 (2nd). 美商麥格羅•希爾國際股份有限公司台灣分公司: 台北市.
2. 吳統雄. (1990) "台灣網路使用者系列調查研究：現況、前景、策略、方法," 民意研究季刊, 214, 41-77.
3. 陳順宇. (2007). 結構方程模式 AMOS操作. 心理出版社: 台北.
英文部分：
1. Attaran, M. (2004) "Exploring the relationship between information technology and business process reengineering," Information & Management, 41(5), 585-596.
2. Bafoutsou, G., & Mentzas, G. (2002) "Review and functional classification of collaborative systems," International Journal of Information Management, 22(4), 281-305.
3. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) "The moderator mediator variable distinction in social psychological-research - conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
4. Barua, A., Konana, P., Whinston, A. B., & Yin, F. (2004) "An empirical investigation of net-enabled business value," Mis Quarterly, 28(4), 585-620.
5. Bharadwaj, A. S. (2000) "A resource-based perspective on information technology capability and firm performance: An empirical investigation," Mis Quarterly, 24(1), 169-196.
6. Bhatnagar, R., & Sohal, A. S. (2005) "Supply chain competitiveness: Measuring the impact of location factors, uncertainty and manufacturing practices," Technovation, 25(5), 443-456.
7. Boyer, K. K., & Olson, J. R. (2002) "Drivers of Internet purchasing success," Production and Operations Management, 11(4), 480-498.
8. Brynjolfsson, E. (1993) "The productivity paradox of information technology," Communications of the Acm, 36(12), 67-77.
9. Buffa, E. (1984). Meeting the Competitive Challenge. Irwin Publishing: Homewood, IL.
10. Byrd, T. A., Thrasher, E. H., Lang, T., & Davidson, N. W. (2006) "A process-oriented perspective of IS success: Examining the impact of IS on operational cost," Omega-International Journal of Management Science, 34(5), 448-460.
11. Chen, M. C., Yang, T., & Li, H. C. (2007) "Evaluating the supply chain performance of IT-based inter-enterprise collaboration," Information & Management, 44(6), 524-534.
12. Cohen, S., & Roussel., J. (2005). Strategic supply chain management: The five disciplines for top performance. McGraw-Hill: New York.
13. Croom, S. R. (2005) "The impact of e-business on supply chain management - An empirical study of key developments," International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 25(1), 55-73.
14. Davenport, T. H. (1993). Process Innovation Reengineering Work through Information Technology. Harvard Business School Press: Boston, MA.
15. Devaraj, S., Krajewski, L., & Wei, J. C. (2007) "Impact of eBusiness technologies on operational performance: The role of production information integration in the supply chain," Journal of Operations Management, 25(6), 1199-1216.

16. Esper, T. L., & Williams, L. R. (2003) "The value of Collaborative Transportation Management (CTM): Its relationship to CPFR and information technology," Transportation Journal, 42(4), 55-65.
17. Fagerstrom, B., & Jackson, M. (2002) "Efficient collaboration between main and sub-suppliers," Computers in Industry, 49(1), 25-35.
18. Fang, Z. (2004) "Management of information technology and business process re-engineering: A case study," Industrial Management & Data Systems, 104(8-9), 674-680.
19. Feeny, D. (2001) "Making business sense of the e-opportunity," Mit Sloan Management Review, 42(2), 41-51.
20. Flint, D. J. (2004) "Strategic marketing in global supply chains: Four challenges," Industrial Marketing Management, 33(1), 45-50.
21. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981) "Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error," Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
22. Frohlich, M. T. (2002) "E-integration in the supply chain: Barriers and performance," Decision Sciences, 33(4), 537-556.
23. Gajda, R. (2004) "Utilizing collaboration theory to evaluate strategic alliances," American Journal of Evaluation, 25(1), 65-77.
24. Ghiassi, M., & Spera, C. (2003). A collaborative and adaptive supply chain management system. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computers and Industrial Engineering, San Francisco, California, US. February 2-4.
25. Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., L., T. R., & Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis. Prentice Hall International: UK.

26. Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. Prentice Hall International: UK.
27. Hammer, M. (2001) "The superefficient company," Harvard Business Review, 79(8), 82-92.
28. Hammer, M., & Champy, J. (1993). Reengineering the Corporation–A Manifesto for Business Revolution. HarperBusiness: New York:.
29. Handfield, R. B., & Nichols, E. L. (2004) "Key issues in global supply base management," Industrial Marketing Management, 33(1), 29-35.
30. Handfield, R. B., & Nichols Jr., E. L. (1999). Introduction to Supply Chain Management. Prentice-Hall.
31. Jassawalla, A. R., & Sashittal, H. C. (1998) "An examination of collaboration in high-technology new product development processes," Journal of Product Innovation Management, 15(3), 237-254.
32. Johnson, M. E., & Whang, S. J. (2002) "E-business and supply chain management: An overview and framework," Production and Operations Management, 11(4), 413-423.
33. Johnson, P. F., Klassen, R. D., Leenders, M. R., & Awaysheh, A. (2007) "Utilizing e-business technologies in supply chains: The impact of firm characteristics and teams," Journal of Operations Management, 25(6), 1255-1274.
34. Koh, S. C. L., Demirbag, M., Bayraktar, E., Tatoglu, E., & Zaim, S. (2007) "The impact of supply chain management practices on performance of SMEs," Industrial Management & Data Systems, 107(1-2), 103-124.
35. Lal, K. (2002) "E-business and manufacturing sector: A study of small and medium-sized enterprises in India," Research Policy, 31(7), 1199-1211.

36. Laudon, K. C., & Laudon, J. P. (2006). Management information systems :managing the digital firm. Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, N.J.
37. Li, S. H., Ragu-Nathan, B., Ragu-Nathan, T. S., & Rao, S. S. (2006) "The impact of supply chain management practices on competitive advantage and organizational performance," Omega-International Journal of Management Science, 34(2), 107-124.
38. Lin, H. F., & Lin, S. M. (2008) "Determinants of e-business diffusion: A test of the technology diffusion perspective," Technovation, 28(3), 135-145.
39. Lu, M., Poon, C. S., & Wong, L. C. (2006) "Application framework for mapping and simulation of waste handling processes in construction," Journal of Construction Engineering and Management-Asce, 132(11), 1212-1221.
40. Lyu, J., Fu, H. P., & Lin, Y. (2002). Business Excellence through Collaborative Management. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the Fourth Asia-Pacific Conference on Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, Taipei, Taiwan
41. Malone, T. W., & Rockart, J. F. (1991). Computers, Networks and the Corporation. Scientific American.
42. Manthou, V., Vlachopoulou, M., & Folinas, D. (2004) "Virtual e-Chain (VeC) model for supply chain collaboration," International Journal of Production Economics, 87(3), 241-250.
43. Merli, G. (2001). How to organise business in the net-economy—New paradigms for management. In International IMS Project Forum: Monte Verita` : Ascona, Switzerland.
44. Mittal, N., & Nault, B. R. (2009) "Investments in Information Technology: Indirect Effects and Information Technology Intensity," Information Systems Research, 20(1), 140-154.

45. Moonen, H. M., van Hillegersberg, J., & Zwegers. (2003) "A Framework for Collaborative Applications," Proceedings of the 10th ISPE International Conference on Concurrent Engineering: Research and Applications Madeira Portugal, 481-488, July ,26-30.
46. Mooney, J. G., Gurbaxani, V., & Kraemer, K. L. (1996) "A process oriented framework for assessing the business value of information technology (Reprinted from Proceedings of the sixteenth annual International Conference on Information Systems, pg 17-27, 1995)," Data Base for Advances in Information Systems, 27(2), 68-81.
47. Motiwalla, L., Khan, M. R., & Xu, S. H. (2005) "An intra- and inter-industry analysis of e-business effectiveness," Information & Management, 42(5), 651-667.
48. Mukhopadhyay, T., Kekre, S., & Kalathur, S. (1995) "Business value of information technology - a study of electronic data interchange," Mis Quarterly, 19(2), 137-156.
49. Narasimhan, R., & Das, A. (1999) "An empirical investigation of the contribution of strategic sourcing to manufacturing flexibilities and performance," Decision Sciences, 30(3), 683-718.
50. Narasimhan, R., & Das, A. (2001) "The impact of purchasing integration and practices on manufacturing performance," Journal of Operations Management, 19(5), 593-609.
51. Narula, R. (2004) "R&D collaboration by SMEs: New opportunities and limitations in the face of globalisation," Technovation, 24(2), 153-161.
52. Porter, M. E., & Millar, V. E. (1985) "How information gives you competitive advantage," Harvard Business Review, 63(4), 149-160.

53. Pramatari, K. (2007) "Collaborative supply chain practices and evolving technological approaches," Supply Chain Management-an International Journal, 12(3), 210-220.
54. Rabinovich, E., Bailey, J. P., & Carter, C. R. (2003) "A transaction-efficiency analysis of an Internet retailing supply chain in the music CD industry," Decision Sciences, 34(1), 131-172.
55. Radhakrishnan, A., Zu, X. X., & Grover, V. (2008) "A process-oriented perspective on differential business value creation by information technology: An empirical investigation," Omega-International Journal of Management Science, 36(6), 1105-1125.
56. Rai, A., Patnayakuni, R., & Patnayakuni, N. (1996) "Refocusing where and how IT value is realized: An empirical investigation," Omega-International Journal of Management Science, 24(4), 399-412.
57. Rai, A., Patnayakuni, R., & Seth, N. (2006) "Firm performance impacts of digitally enabled supply chain integration capabilities," Mis Quarterly, 30(2), 225-246.
58. Ravichandran, T., & Lertwongsatien, C. (2005) "Effect of information systems resources and capabilities on firm performance: A resource-based perspective," Journal of Management Information Systems, 21(4), 237-276.
59. Rogers, E. M. (1983). Diffusion of innovations. The Free Press: New York.
60. Rosenzweig, E. D., Roth, A. V., & Dean, J. W. (2003) "The influence of an integration strategy on competitive capabilities and business performance: An exploratory study of consumer products manufacturers," Journal of Operations Management, 21(4), 437-456.
61. Sabath, R. E., & Fontanella, J. (2002) "The unfulfilled promise of supply chain collaboration," Supply Chain Management Review, 24-29.
62. Sanders, N. R. (2007) "An empirical study of the impact of e-business technologies on organizational collaboration and performance," Journal of Operations Management, 25(6), 1332-1347.
63. Sanders, N. R., & Premus, R. (2005) "Modeling the relationship between firm IT capability, collaboration and performance," Journal of Business Logistics, 26(1), 1-23.
64. Scannell, T., Shawnee, V., & Dro¨ge, C. (2000) "Upstream supply chain management and competitive performance in the automotive supply industry," Journal of Business Logistics, 2(1), 23-48.
65. Schnitt, D. L. (1993) "Reengineering the organizatoin using information technology," Journal of Systems Management, 44(1), 14-42.
66. Schroeder, D. M., & Congedn, S. W. (1995) "Integration Manufacturing Innovation through Organizational Learning," Production and Inventory Managmenet Quarterly Journal, 36(3), 55-60.
67. Scott Morton, M. S. (1991). The Corporation of the 1990s: Information Technology and Organizational Transformation. Oxford University Press: USA.
68. Sobel, M. E. (1987) "Direct and indirect effects in linear structural equation models," Sociological Methods & Research, 16(1), 155-176.
69. Sriram, V., & Stump, R. (2004) "Information technology investments in purchasing: An empirical investigation of communications, relationship and performance outcomes," Omega-International Journal of Management Science, 32(1), 41-55.
70. Stank, T. P., Keller, S. B., & Daugherty, P. J. (2001) "Supply Chain Collaboration and Logistics Service Performance," Journal of Business Logistics, 22(1), 29-48.
71. Stroeken, J. H. M. (2000) "Information technology, innovation and supply chain structure," International Journal of Technology Management, 20(1-2), 156-175.
72. Swafford, P. M., Ghosh, S., & Murthy, N. (2006) "The antecedents of supply chain agility of a firm: Scale development and model testing," Journal of Operations Management, 24(2), 170-188.
73. Swaminathan, J. M., & Tayur, S. R. (2003) "Models for supply chains in e-business," Management Science, 49(10), 1387-1406.
74. Tallon, P. P. (2007) "A process-oriented perspective on the alignment of information technology and business strategy," Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(3), 227-268.
75. Thatcher, M. E., & Oliver, J. R. (2001) "The impact of technology investments on a firm's production efficiency, product quality, and productivity," Journal of Management Information Systems, 18(2), 17-45.
76. Vickery, S. K., Jayaram, J., Droge, C., & Calantone, R. (2003) "The effects of an integrative supply chain strategy on customer service and financial performance: an analysis of direct versus indirect relationships," Journal of Operations Management, 21(5), 523-539.
77. Wall, B., Jagdev, H., & Browne, J. (2007) "A review of eBusiness and digital business - applications, models and trends," Production Planning & Control, 18(3), 239-260.
78. Wisner, J. D. (2003) "A structural equation model of supply chain management strategies and firm performance," Journal of Business Logistics, 24(1), 1-26.
79. Wu, F., Mahajan, V., & Balasubramanian, S. (2003) "An analysis of e-business adoption and its impact on business performance," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31(4), 425-447.
80. Zhao, J., Huang, W. V., & Zhu, Z. (2008) "An empirical study of e-business implementation process in China," Ieee Transactions on Engineering Management, 55(1), 134-147.
81. Zhu, K. (2004) "The complementarity of information technology infrastructure and e-commerce capability: A resource-based assessment of their business value," Journal of Management Information Systems, 21(1), 167-202.
82. 網站部份：
1. 經濟部工業局「企業電子化評量制度」, https://e-base.ecos.org.tw/